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Home / Equine Research Bank / PLoS Negl Trop Dis / Serological evidence of infection with dengue and Zika virus...
PLoS neglected tropical diseases2019; 13(2); e0007162; doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007162

Serological evidence of infection with dengue and Zika viruses in horses on French Pacific Islands.

Abstract: New Caledonia and French Polynesia are areas in which arboviruses circulate extensively. A large serological survey among horses from New Caledonia and French Polynesia was carried out to investigate the seroprevalence of flaviviruses in the horse population. Here, 293 equine sera samples were screened for flaviviruses using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA). The positive sera were then confirmed using a flavivirus-specific microsphere immunoassay (MIA) and seroneutralization tests. This serosurvey showed that 16.6% (27/163) and 30.8% (40/130) of horses were positive for cELISA tests in New Caledonia and French Polynesia, respectively, but the MIA technique, targeting only flaviviruses causing neuro-invasive infections in humans and horses (i.e. West Nile virus [WNV], Japanese encephalitis virus [JEV] and tick-borne encephalitis virus [TBEV]), showed negative results for more than 85% (57/67) of the cELISA-positive animals. Seroneutralization tests with the main flaviviruses circulating in the South Pacific revealed that 6.1% (10/163; confidence interval [95% CI] 3.0%-11.0%) of sera in New Caledonia and 7.7% (10/130; 95% CI 3.8%-13.7%) in French Polynesia were positive for dengue virus serotype 1 (DENV1) and 4.3% (7/163; 95% CI 1.7%-8.6%) in New Caledonia and 15.4% (20/130, 95% CI 9.7%-22.8%) in French Polynesia were found positive for Zika virus (ZIKV). Seroprevalence of the JEV and WNV flaviviruses on the 293 samples from both island groups were comparatively much lower (less than 2%). This seroprevalence study in the horse population shows that horses can be infected with dengue and Zika viruses and that these infections lead to seroconversions in horses. The consequences of these infections in horses and their role in ZIKV and DENV epidemiological cycles are two issues that deserve further investigation.
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Publication Date: 2019-02-07 PubMed ID: 30730887PubMed Central: PMC6382171DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007162Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research examined the presence of dengue and Zika viruses in horses from New Caledonia and French Polynesia, discovering that horses can be infected with these diseases, with over 16% of tested horses showing infection evidence.

Research Background and Objective

  • The study was driven by the vast circulation of arboviruses in areas such as New Caledonia and French Polynesia.
  • The main objective was to investigate the prevalence of flaviviruses, specifically dengue and Zika viruses, in the horse population of these areas.
  • This was done by conducting a large-scale serological survey involving 293 horse serum samples.

Research Methodology

  • The serum samples were first screened for potential infection using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA).
  • Serum samples that tested positive using cELISA were further authenticated using a flavivirus-specific microsphere immunoassay (MIA) and seroneutralization tests.
  • MIA focuses on neuro-invasive infections in humans and horses, such as West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and tick-borne encephalitis virus.

Research Findings

  • Of the test samples, 16.6% from New Caledonia and 30.8% from French Polynesia were positive for cELISA tests.
  • However, over 85% of these cELISA-positive samples tested negative for MIA, implying that they were not infected with neuro-invasive flaviviruses.
  • Consequently, seroneutralization tests were conducted with the primary flaviviruses in the South Pacific, showing that 6.1% of serum in New Caledonia and 7.7% in French Polynesia were positive for dengue virus type 1.
  • Zika virus was found in 4.3% of samples from New Caledonia and 15.4% from French Polynesia.
  • Comparatively, the seroprevalence of other flaviviruses like JEV and WNV was much lower (less than 2%).

Research Implications and Further Study

  • The results signal that horses could indeed be infected by dengue and Zika viruses, causing seroconversions.
  • The researchers suggest that the consequences of these infections and their role in the epidemiological cycles of the dengue and Zika viruses merit further investigation.

Cite This Article

APA
Beck C, Leparc-Goffart I, Desoutter D, Debergé E, Bichet H, Lowenski S, Dumarest M, Gonzalez G, Migné C, Vanhomwegen J, Zientara S, Durand B, Lecollinet S. (2019). Serological evidence of infection with dengue and Zika viruses in horses on French Pacific Islands. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 13(2), e0007162. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007162

Publication

PLoS neglected tropical diseases
ISSN: 1935-2735
NlmUniqueID: 101291488
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 13
Issue: 2
Pages: e0007162
PII: e0007162

Researcher Affiliations

Beck, Cécile
  • UMR 1161 Virology, ANSES, INRA, ENVA, ANSES Animal Health Laboratory, EURL for equine diseases, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Leparc-Goffart, Isabelle
  • Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Unité de Virologie-CNR des Arbovirus, Marseille, France.
  • UMR UVE Unité des Virus Emergents, Aix-Marseille Université - IRD 190-Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.
Desoutter, Denise
  • Service des Laboratoires Officiels Vétérinaires Agroalimentaires et Phytosanitaires de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Direction des Affaires Vétérinaires Alimentaires et Rurales de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Païta, New Caledonia.
Debergé, Estelle
  • Service du développement rural, Présidence de la Polynésie française, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia.
Bichet, Hervé
  • Service du développement rural, Présidence de la Polynésie française, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia.
Lowenski, Steeve
  • UMR 1161 Virology, ANSES, INRA, ENVA, ANSES Animal Health Laboratory, EURL for equine diseases, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Dumarest, Marine
  • UMR 1161 Virology, ANSES, INRA, ENVA, ANSES Animal Health Laboratory, EURL for equine diseases, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Gonzalez, Gaelle
  • UMR 1161 Virology, ANSES, INRA, ENVA, ANSES Animal Health Laboratory, EURL for equine diseases, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Migné, Camille
  • UMR 1161 Virology, ANSES, INRA, ENVA, ANSES Animal Health Laboratory, EURL for equine diseases, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Vanhomwegen, Jessica
  • Environment and Infectious Risks Research and Expertise Unit, Department of Infections and Epidemiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Zientara, Stéphan
  • UMR 1161 Virology, ANSES, INRA, ENVA, ANSES Animal Health Laboratory, EURL for equine diseases, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Durand, Benoit
  • Epidemiology unit, Paris-Est University, ANSES Animal Health Laboratory, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Lecollinet, Sylvie
  • UMR 1161 Virology, ANSES, INRA, ENVA, ANSES Animal Health Laboratory, EURL for equine diseases, Maisons-Alfort, France.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Dengue / blood
  • Dengue / epidemiology
  • Dengue / veterinary
  • Horse Diseases / blood
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / virology
  • Horses
  • New Caledonia / epidemiology
  • Polynesia / epidemiology
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies
  • Zika Virus Infection / blood
  • Zika Virus Infection / epidemiology
  • Zika Virus Infection / veterinary

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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Citations

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