Single-radial-immunodiffusion potency tests of inactivated influenza vaccines for use in man and animals.
Abstract: Single-radial-immunodiffusion (SRD) provides a sensitive and reproducible in vitro assay for haemagglutinin (HA) concentration in inactivated influenza vaccines. The use of SRD for human influenza vaccine standardization and application for equine and avian influenza vaccines is discussed. In clinical trials, vaccine HA concentration measured by SRD has been shown to be directly related to antibody responses and to protection against challenge. The use of SRD may considerably reduce the usage of animals for potency testing of veterinary influenza vaccines.
Publication Date: 1986-01-01 PubMed ID: 3098605
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- Non-P.H.S.
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- P.H.S.
Summary
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The research explores the utility of Single-radial-immunodiffusion (SRD) as an efficient tool to assess the potency of inactivated influenza vaccines in humans and animals. The study reveals SRD to be a sensitive method for determining haemagglutinin (HA) concentration in vaccines, highlighting its potential to minimize the need for animal testing in veterinary vaccine potency tests.
Understanding Single-Radial-Immunodiffusion (SRD)
- The Single-radial-immunodiffusion (SRD) is an in vitro analytical process leveraged to identify the concentration of haemagglutinin (HA) present in inactivated influenza vaccines.
- HA is a distinct antigen found on the surface of the influenza virus, which invokes the body’s immune response. Thus, the HA concentration is a critical aspect when evaluating the potency and effectiveness of an influenza vaccine.
Application of SRD in the Standardization of Human Influenza Vaccines
- The research discusses the effectiveness of using SRD in establishing standards for human influenza vaccines.
- The results from clinical trials suggest that the concentration of HA as measured by SRD in vaccines positively correlates with the antibody response it generates and, consequently, the level of protection it offers against influenza.
Utility of SRD for Veterinary Influenza Vaccines
- The study additionally explores SRD’s application for potency testing of avian and equine influenza vaccines.
- One of the pivotal implications of this research is the potential of SRD to significantly limit the use of animals in the potency testing of veterinary influenza vaccines. It thereby aids in reducing the ethical dilemma associated with animal testing and the related costs.
Cite This Article
APA
Wood JM, Mumford J, Schild GC, Webster RG, Nicholson KG.
(1986).
Single-radial-immunodiffusion potency tests of inactivated influenza vaccines for use in man and animals.
Dev Biol Stand, 64, 169-177.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral / biosynthesis
- Chickens
- Horses
- Humans
- Immunodiffusion / standards
- Influenza Vaccines / standards
- Influenza, Human / prevention & control
- Influenza, Human / veterinary
- Vaccines, Attenuated / standards
Grant Funding
- AI02649 / NIAID NIH HHS
Citations
This article has been cited 9 times.- Liu Z, Geng X, Cui Z, Li W, Ou X, Liao G. Construction and identification of influenza plasmid pool imparting high yields to candidate vaccine viruses in Vero cell at low temperature. J Cell Mol Med 2020 Oct;24(19):11198-11210.
- Kang H, Roh HS, Song H, Lee K, Chung ST, Ban SJ, Mo IP, An BS, Ahn CY. Evaluation of Haemagglutinin Content by RP-HPLC to Generate Pandemic Influenza Vaccine. Toxicol Res 2016 Oct;32(4):269-274.
- Lin HT, Chuang CC, Wu HL, Chu DM, Wang YC. Characterization of cross protection of Swine-Origin Influenza Virus (S-OIV) H1N1 and reassortant H5N1 influenza vaccine in BALB/c mice given a single-dose vaccination. J Biomed Sci 2013 Mar 21;20(1):19.
- Hashem AM, Gravel C, Farnsworth A, Zou W, Lemieux M, Xu K, Li C, Wang J, Goneau MF, Merziotis M, He R, Gilbert M, Li X. A novel synthetic receptor-based immunoassay for influenza vaccine quantification. PLoS One 2013;8(2):e55428.
- Hossain MJ, Bourgeois M, Quan FS, Lipatov AS, Song JM, Chen LM, Compans RW, York I, Kang SM, Donis RO. Virus-like particle vaccine containing hemagglutinin confers protection against 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2011 Dec;18(12):2010-7.
- Perrone LA, Ahmad A, Veguilla V, Lu X, Smith G, Katz JM, Pushko P, Tumpey TM. Intranasal vaccination with 1918 influenza virus-like particles protects mice and ferrets from lethal 1918 and H5N1 influenza virus challenge. J Virol 2009 Jun;83(11):5726-34.
- Kishida N, Imai M, Ainai A, Asanuma H, Saito R, Fujisaki S, Shirakura M, Nakamura K, Kuwahara T, Takashita E, Tashiro M, Odagiri T, Watanabe S. Efficacy of an Inactivated Whole-Virus A/Victoria/361/2011 (IVR-165) (H3N2) Influenza Vaccine in Ferrets. Microbiol Immunol 2024 Dec;68(12):427-437.
- Akter F, Shamimuzzaman M. Potency, immunogenicity, and efficacy of rabies vaccine: In vitro and in vivo approach. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024 Feb;12(2):e1198.
- Pierce CL, Williams TL, Santana WI, Levine M, Chen LM, Cooper HC, Solano MI, Woolfitt AR, Marasco WA, Fang H, Donis RO, Barr JR. Immunocapture isotope dilution mass spectrometry in response to a pandemic influenza threat. Vaccine 2017 Sep 5;35(37):5011-5018.
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