Small non-coding RNA landscape of extracellular vesicles from a post-traumatic model of equine osteoarthritis.
Abstract: Extracellular vesicles comprise an as yet inadequately investigated intercellular communication pathway in the field of early osteoarthritis. We hypothesised that the small non-coding RNA expression pattern in synovial fluid and plasma would change during progression of experimental osteoarthritis. In this study, we conducted small RNA sequencing to provide a comprehensive overview of the temporal expression profiles of small non-coding transcripts carried by extracellular vesicles derived from plasma and synovial fluid for the first time in a posttraumatic model of equine osteoarthritis. Additionally, we characterised synovial fluid and plasma-derived extracellular vesicles with respect to quantity, size, and surface markers. The different temporal expressions of seven microRNAs in plasma and synovial fluid-derived extracellular vesicles, eca-miR-451, eca-miR-25, eca-miR-215, eca-miR-92a, eca-miR-let-7c, eca-miR-486-5p, and eca-miR-23a, and four snoRNAs, U3, snord15, snord46, and snord58, represent potential biomarkers for early osteoarthritis. Bioinformatics analysis of the differentially expressed microRNAs in synovial fluid highlighted that in early osteoarthritis these related to the inhibition of cell cycle, cell cycle progression, DNA damage and cell proliferation as well as increased cell viability and differentiation of stem cells. Plasma and synovial fluid-derived extracellular vesicle small non-coding signatures have been established for the first time in a temporal model of osteoarthritis. These could serve as novel biomarkers for evaluation of osteoarthritis progression or act as potential therapeutic targets.
Copyright © 2022 Anderson, Jacobsen, Walters, Bundgaard, Diendorfer, Hackl, Clarke, James and Peffers.
Publication Date: 2022-08-08 PubMed ID: 36003409PubMed Central: PMC9393553DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.901269Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The research observes the changes in small non-coding RNA in extracellular vesicles present in synovial fluid and plasma during the progression of experimental osteoarthritis, identifying potential biomarkers that could help detect early osteoarthritis or serve as therapeutic targets.
Role of Extracellular Vesicles and Biomarkers in Osteoarthritis
- The study revolves around extracellular vesicles, which are a crucial part of intercellular communication, meaning they help cells ‘talk’ to each other. However, their role in early osteoarthritis remains not well understood.
- The researchers hypothesise that the expression pattern of small non-coding RNA, a type of RNA molecule that does not encode a protein but plays various roles in gene regulation, changes as osteoarthritis progresses.
- These RNAs are carried by extracellular vesicles in plasma (the liquid part of our blood) and synovial fluid, a substance that reduces friction in the joints.
- By examining the changes in these RNA patterns, the researchers hope to identify potential biomarkers that can indicate the early onset of osteoarthritis.
Exploring RNA and Discovering Potential Biomarkers
- The study involved sequencing the small RNA in the extracellular vesicles to understand the expression profiles in a model of equine osteoarthritis.
- The researchers noticed different expression times for seven microRNAs and four snoRNAs, suggesting these could serve as possible biomarkers for early detection of the disease.
- These RNAs may also indicate increased cell viability and differentiation of stem cells, which have important roles in tissue repair and regeneration.
- The study also provided a detailed view of the quantity, size, and surface markers of the vesicles in synovial fluid and plasma.
Impact and Future Opportunities
- This study is significant because it offers a first glimpse into the small non-coding RNA signatures of extracellular vesicles in plasma and synovial fluid in the case of osteoarthritis.
- It suggests that these molecular signatures could be further explored as potential biomarkers for diagnosing the early onset of osteoarthritis.
- It could also pave the way for using these identified biomarkers as therapeutic targets, potentially leading to new treatments for the disease.
Cite This Article
APA
Anderson JR, Jacobsen S, Walters M, Bundgaard L, Diendorfer A, Hackl M, Clarke EJ, James V, Peffers MJ.
(2022).
Small non-coding RNA landscape of extracellular vesicles from a post-traumatic model of equine osteoarthritis.
Front Vet Sci, 9, 901269.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.901269 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark.
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark.
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark.
- TAmiRNA, TAmiRNA GmbH, Vienna, Austria.
- TAmiRNA, TAmiRNA GmbH, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom.
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Grant Funding
- MR/P020941/1 / Medical Research Council
Conflict of Interest Statement
Authors AD and MH were employed by TAmiRNA GmbH. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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