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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2024; 15(1); 53; doi: 10.3390/ani15010053

Social Relationships of Captive Bachelor Przewalski’s Horses and Their Effect on Daily Activity and Space Use.

Abstract: Understanding social relationships in at-risk species held in captivity is vital for their welfare and potential reintroduction. In social species like the Przewalski's horse (), daily time allocation and space use may be influenced by social structure and, in turn, reflect welfare. Here, we identify social relationships, time budgets, and spatial distribution of a group of nine older (aged 6-21 years) male Przewalski's horses living in a non-breeding (bachelor) group. We conducted our work at the Askania-Nova Biosphere Reserve, over 65 h of observation in summer, 2015. Horses formed stronger social bonds with individuals of similar gregariousness and dominance levels. Social-network analysis identified three distinct subgroups with significant differences in locomotion, social behaviour, and foraging. However, resting and vigilance behaviour remained similar across the subgroups. Behavioural synchrony across all activities was higher within subgroups than between. Space use was also affected by subgroup membership, with some horses overusing or underusing critical resource areas like hay and water. These findings suggest opportunities to improve welfare by adjusting space and resource distribution, particularly for more submissive individuals. Our approach may also aid in selecting reintroduction candidates by considering social characteristics alongside health, genetic, and other factors.
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Publication Date: 2024-12-28 PubMed ID: 39794996PubMed Central: PMC11718881DOI: 10.3390/ani15010053Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates the social relationships, daily activities, and use of space among a group of captive male Przewalski’s horses, an endangered species, and how these aspects impact their welfare and potential for reintroduction into the wild.

Social Relationships of Captive Przewalski’s Horses

  • The study observed a group of nine captive Przewalski’s horses, aged between 6-21 years and living in a non-breeding, all-male group, at the Askania-Nova Biosphere Reserve in the summer of 2015. The horses formed stronger relationships with those with matching personality traits, like gregariousness and dominance levels.
  • Social-network analysis of the horse group formed the basis for identification of three distinct subgroups, each showing different behavioral profiles in terms of locomotion, social behavior, and foraging. However, regardless of the subgroup, horses displayed similar behavior patterns when it came to resting and vigilance.

Impact of Social Relationships on Behavior and Space Use

  • The research discovered that higher similarity of activity existed within the subgroups rather than between them, indicating that each subgroup tended to behave in a more synchronized manner.
  • Space use was also varied across subgroups, with certain animals exhibiting either overuse or underuse of critical resource areas, namely hay and water locations. Submissive individuals within the group showed particular deviation, highlighting the need for space and resource adjustment to ensure better welfare of these animals.

Implications for Animal Welfare and Reintroduction Efforts

  • The findings suggest an opportunity to improve animal welfare by modifying spatial and resource distribution, especially for the more submissive animals in the group.
  • The study also proposed that the approach may help in picking suitable candidates for reintroduction into the wild. By considering their social traits in addition to health, genetic, and other important factors, it could improve the success rate of reintroduction efforts.

Cite This Article

APA
Nykonenko A, Moturnak Y, McLoughlin PD. (2024). Social Relationships of Captive Bachelor Przewalski’s Horses and Their Effect on Daily Activity and Space Use. Animals (Basel), 15(1), 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15010053

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
PII: 53

Researcher Affiliations

Nykonenko, Anastasiia
  • Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada.
Moturnak, Yevhen
  • Faculty of Economics, Business and International Relations, University of Customs and Finance, 2/4 Volodymyra Vernadskoho St., 49000 Dnipro, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine.
McLoughlin, Philip Dunstan
  • Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada.

Grant Funding

  • RGPIN-2022-04584 / Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Councial (Canada)

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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