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Handbook of experimental pharmacology2009; (195); 369-409; doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-79088-4_17

Some aspects of doping and medication control in equine sports.

Abstract: This chapter reviews drug and medication control in equestrian sports and addresses the rules of racing, the technological advances that have been made in drug detection and the importance of metabolism studies in the development of effective drug surveillance programmes. Typical approaches to screening and confirmatory analysis are discussed, as are the quality processes that underpin these procedures. The chapter also addresses four specific topics relevant to equestrian sports: substances controlled by threshold values, the approach adopted recently by European racing authorities to control some therapeutic substances, anabolic steroids in the horse and LC-MS analysis in drug testing in animal sports and metabolism studies. The purpose of discussing these specific topics is to emphasise the importance of research and development and collaboration to further global harmonisation and the development and support of international rules.
Publication Date: 2009-12-19 PubMed ID: 20020374DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-79088-4_17Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The research article explores doping and medication control measures in equestrian sports, focusing on racing rules, drug detection technology, metabolism studies, and management processes.

Understanding Equestrian Sports Drug and Medication Controls

  • The article engages in a comprehensive review of the rules and regulations surrounding the use of drugs and medication in equestrian sports with a focus on racing. These rules are critical in maintaining a clean and fair sport, ensuring that horses are not subjected to any form of performance enhancement that could confer an unfair advantage.
  • The study illuminates on the significant strides that have been made in terms of drug detection technology. The uptake of advanced technological tools is key in promptly identifying any forms of doping, thereby upholding the integrity of the sport.
  • A core part of this research focuses on the importance of metabolism studies in the formulation of competent drug surveillance programs. Understanding the pharmacokinetics of different drugs and substances in horses facilitates their detection and helps in implementing effective anti-doping measures.
  • Also discussed in the article are typical strategies for screening and confirmatory analysis, which are key processes that help ensure that all participating horses are in compliance with the set regulations.

Exploring Specific Aspects of Doping in Equestrian Sports

  • The research article examines four major topics that are relevant to doping in equestrian sports. One is the control of substances by threshold values, which involves setting allowable limits for certain substances in a horse’s system during competition.
  • The study analyzes recent strategies employed by European racing authorities to control some therapeutic substances. Therapeutic substances, while sometimes needed for horse health, can potentially enhance performance, and thus need their usage monitored.
  • There is also a detailed exploration of the role and presence of anabolic steroids in horses. Anabolic steroids are a significant concern in sports due to their capability to enhance performance and speed up recovery.
  • Finally, the paper addresses Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis in drug testing and metabolism studies. LC-MS is a sophisticated biochemical technique employed in drug detection and understanding how drugs are processed in the body.

Importance of Research for Anti-Doping Measures

  • The study demonstrates the importance of continuous research and collaboration in the quest for global harmonization, development, and enforcement of international rules regarding drug use in equestrian sports.
  • Efforts to harmonize rules globally are essential in maintaining a level playing field in international competitions. International standards provide a framework for universal adherence, fostering fairness and credibility across different regions and jurisdictions.

Cite This Article

APA
Houghton E, Maynard S. (2009). Some aspects of doping and medication control in equine sports. Handb Exp Pharmacol(195), 369-409. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79088-4_17

Publication

ISSN: 0171-2004
NlmUniqueID: 7902231
Country: Germany
Language: English
Issue: 195
Pages: 369-409

Researcher Affiliations

Houghton, Ed
  • HFL Sport Science, Newmarket Road, Fordham, Cambridgeshire, UK. drehoughton@aol.com
Maynard, Steve

    MeSH Terms

    • Anabolic Agents / analysis
    • Anabolic Agents / urine
    • Animals
    • Chromatography, Liquid
    • Clinical Laboratory Techniques
    • Diet
    • Doping in Sports / legislation & jurisprudence
    • Doping in Sports / methods
    • Horses / physiology
    • Mass Spectrometry
    • Sports
    • Steroids / analysis
    • Steroids / urine

    Citations

    This article has been cited 5 times.
    1. Kuroda T, Knych HK, Noble GK, Minamijima Y, Leung GN, Nomura M, Mizobe F, Ishikawa Y, Kusano K, Toutain PL. A Meta-Analysis of International Flunixin Pharmacokinetics in Horses: Toward Regulatory Harmonization and Individualized Detection Times Using Bayesian Paradigm. Drug Test Anal 2026 Jan;18(1):32-50.
      doi: 10.1002/dta.3961pubmed: 41137541google scholar: lookup
    2. Fan J, Wang Y, Zhuo Y, Xu S, Zhou W, Liu B. Quantification of AICAR and study of metabolic markers after administration. RSC Adv 2024 Jun 12;14(27):19001-19013.
      doi: 10.1039/d4ra02878cpubmed: 38873554google scholar: lookup
    3. Fitzgerald CCJ, Hedman R, Uduwela DR, Paszerbovics B, Carroll AJ, Neeman T, Cawley A, Brooker L, McLeod MD. Profiling Urinary Sulfate Metabolites With Mass Spectrometry. Front Mol Biosci 2022;9:829511.
      doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.829511pubmed: 35281273google scholar: lookup
    4. Keen B, Cawley A, Reedy B, Fu S. Metabolomics in clinical and forensic toxicology, sports anti-doping and veterinary residues. Drug Test Anal 2022 May;14(5):794-807.
      doi: 10.1002/dta.3245pubmed: 35194967google scholar: lookup
    5. Kuroda T, Minamijima Y, Nomura M, Yamashita S, Yamada M, Nagata S, Mita H, Tamura N, Fukuda K, Kuwano A, Kusano K, Toutain PL, Sato F. Medication control of flunixin in racing horses: Possible detection times using Monte Carlo simulations. Equine Vet J 2022 Sep;54(5):979-988.
      doi: 10.1111/evj.13532pubmed: 34719043google scholar: lookup