Spread of the emerging equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like genetic backbone rotavirus strain in Brazil and identification of potential genetic variants.
Abstract: In 2013, the equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like rotavirus (RVA) strain emerged worldwide. In 2016, this strain was reported in northern Brazil. The aims of the study were to conduct a retrospective genetic investigation to identify the possible entry of these atypical strains in Brazil and to describe their distribution across a representative area of the country. From 2013 to 2017, a total of 4226 faecal samples were screened for RVA by ELISA, PAGE, RT-PCR and sequencing. G3P[8] represented 20.9 % (167/800) of all RVA-positive samples, further subdivided as equine-like G3P[8], DS-1-like (11.0 %; 88/800) and Wa-like G3P[8] (9.9 %; 79/800). Six equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like samples were selected for whole-genome investigation, confirming the backbone I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2. During 2013-2014, Wa-like G3P[8] was predominant and no equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like was detected. Equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like was first identified in Paraná in March/2015, suggesting that the strain entered Brazil through the Southern region. Equine-like G3P[8] rapidly spread across the area under surveillance and displayed a marked potential to replace Wa-like G3P[8] strains. Brazilian equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like strains clustered with contemporary equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like detected worldwide, but exhibited a distinct NSP2 genotype (N2) compared to the previously reported Amazon equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like strain (N1). Two distinct NSP4 E2 genotype lineages were also identified. Taken together, these data suggest that different variants of equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like strains might have been introduced into the country at distinct time points, and co-circulated in the period 2015-2017. The global emergence of equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like strains, predominantly in countries using the Rotarix vaccine, raises the question of whether vaccines may be inducing selective pressures on zoonotic strains.
Publication Date: 2018-11-20 PubMed ID: 30457517DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001171Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Diagnosis
- Disease control
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Etiology
- Disease Management
- Disease Outbreaks
- Disease Prevalence
- Disease Surveillance
- Disease Transmission
- Disease Treatment
- Epidemiology
- Equine Diseases
- Equine Health
- Genetics
- Infectious Disease
- Public Health
- Rotavirus
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
- Virology
- Zoonotic Diseases
Summary
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The study investigates the emergence and spread of a unique strain of rotavirus (G3P[8] DS-1-like) in Brazil, with an aim to identify its entry and distribution patterns and whether there are different variants present in the country.
Study Overview
- The research focused on a particular strain of rotavirus, known as the equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like, which emerged in 2013 and was detected in Brazil in 2016.
- The main objective of the study was to identify how and when this rotavirus strain entered Brazil, and to understand how it spread across the representative area of the country. Additionally, the study aimed to identify potential genetic variants of this virus in Brazil.
Methods and Observations
- The investigators conducted a retrospective genetic investigation, examining a total of 4226 faecal samples collected between 2013 and 2017, using several techniques including ELISA, PAGE, RT-PCR and sequencing.
- The G3P[8] strain represented 20.9% (167 out of 800) of all rotavirus-positive cases. The strain further classified into equine-like G3P[8], DS-1-like (11%), and Wa-like G3P[8] (9.9%).
- Through the whole-genome investigation, the presence of backbone I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2 in the G3P[8] DS-1-like samples was confirmed.
- The first identification of G3P[8] DS-1-like was in Paraná in March 2015. This suggests that the strain might have entered Brazil through the Southern region and spread swiftly across the observed region. Interestingly, it exhibited a significant potential to replace the existing Wa-like G3P[8] strains.
Key Outcomes
- The Brazilian variants of the strain showed close association with other strains detected worldwide. However, these local strains exhibited a distinct NSP2 genotype (N2), different from the previously reported Amazon strain (N1). This illustrates potential variants of the equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like strains in the country.
- Two separate NSP4 E2 genotype lineages of the virus were also detected.
- Putting these findings together, it is suggested that different variants of the strain may have been introduced into Brazil at different times and have co-circulated during the period 2015-2017.
- The study further highlights a global concern: the rise of strains like G3P[8] DS-1-like in countries using the Rotarix vaccine, raising questions about whether vaccines may be influencing selective pressures on these zoonotic, or animal-origin, strains.
Cite This Article
APA
Luchs A, da Costa AC, Cilli A, Komninakis SCV, Carmona RCC, Boen L, Morillo SG, Sabino EC, Timenetsky MDCST.
(2018).
Spread of the emerging equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like genetic backbone rotavirus strain in Brazil and identification of potential genetic variants.
J Gen Virol, 100(1), 7-25.
https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001171 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- 1Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
- 2LIM/46 - Laboratory of Medical Parasitology, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, College of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
- 3Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
- 1Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
- 4Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Santo André, Brazil.
- 5Retrovirology Laboratory, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
- 1Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
- 1Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
- 1Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
- 2LIM/46 - Laboratory of Medical Parasitology, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, College of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
- 3Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
- 1Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
MeSH Terms
- Brazil / epidemiology
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Feces / virology
- Gastroenteritis / epidemiology
- Gastroenteritis / virology
- Genotype
- Humans
- Molecular Epidemiology
- Retrospective Studies
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Rotavirus / classification
- Rotavirus / genetics
- Rotavirus / isolation & purification
- Rotavirus Infections / epidemiology
- Rotavirus Infections / virology
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Topography, Medical
Citations
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