Strangles in horses can be caused by vaccination with Pinnacle I. N.
Abstract: The differentiation of live attenuated vaccine strains from their progenitor and wild-type counterparts is important for ongoing surveillance of product safety and improved guidelines on their use. We utilised a genome sequencing approach to confirm that two cases of strangles in previously healthy horses that had received the Pinnacle I. N. vaccine (Zoetis) were caused by the vaccine strain. Our data shed new light on the safety of this vaccine and suggest that factors beyond the maturity of the animal's immune system influence the development of adverse reactions.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2015-05-27 PubMed ID: 26025806DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.05.009Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research article explores the connection between strangles in horses and the vaccination Pinnacle I. N., and discovers that this disease in certain instances was indeed caused by this particular vaccine.
Study Purpose and Methodology
- The aim of this study was to differentiate live attenuated vaccine strains from their progenitor and wild-type counterparts, because such differentiation is crucial for continuous product safety monitoring and refining vaccination guidelines.
- To achieve this goal, the researchers used a genomic sequencing approach. This method allows scientists to read the complete genetic information of a virus, thus revealing its specific strain.
Findings
- The key finding of the research is that the vaccine strain indeed caused strangles in two previously healthy horses that were immunized with the Pinnacle I. N. vaccine produced by Zoetis.
- This outcome forces a critical reassessment of this vaccine’s safety, as it can potentially lead to the very disease it is supposed to prevent.
Implications
- This research suggests that factors other than an animal’s immune system maturity can influence the development of adverse reactions to vaccines, which is a new insight that had not been previously considered in the broader context of vaccine safety and immunization protocols.
- This highlights the need for further studies investigating what these other factors could be and how they interact with vaccines. Such knowledge can guide the development of safer and more effective vaccines.
Cite This Article
APA
Cursons R, Patty O, Steward KF, Waller AS.
(2015).
Strangles in horses can be caused by vaccination with Pinnacle I. N.
Vaccine, 33(30), 3440-3443.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.05.009 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.
- Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket CB8 7UU, United Kingdom.
- Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket CB8 7UU, United Kingdom. Electronic address: andrew.waller@aht.org.uk.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Bacterial Vaccines / administration & dosage
- Bacterial Vaccines / adverse effects
- DNA, Bacterial / chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial / genetics
- Drug Contamination
- Genome, Bacterial
- Horse Diseases / chemically induced
- Horses
- Respiratory Tract Infections / chemically induced
- Respiratory Tract Infections / veterinary
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Streptococcal Infections / chemically induced
- Streptococcal Infections / veterinary
- Streptococcus equi
- Vaccination / adverse effects
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Rask E, Righetti F, Ruiz A, Bjerketorp J, Frosth S, Frykberg L, Jacobsson K, Guss B, Flock JI, Henriques-Normark B, Hartman E, Gustafsson A, Paillot R, Waller AS. Closing the Stable Door on Strangles: Serological Responses of Vaccinated Horses on a Farm Following the Arrival of a New Horse. Animals (Basel) 2025 Dec 13;15(24).
- Wan J, Weldon E, Ganser G, Morris ERA, Hughes EV, Bordin AI, Heine PA, Hust M, Cohen ND, Gill JJ, Liu M. Immunogenic Streptococcus equi cell surface proteins identified by ORFeome phage display. mSphere 2025 Dec 23;10(12):e0062625.
- Mitchell C, Steward KF, Charbonneau ARL, Walsh S, Wilson H, Timoney JF, Wernery U, Joseph M, Craig D, van Maanen K, Hoogkamer-van Gennep A, Leon A, Witkowski L, Rzewuska M, Stefańska I, Żychska M, van Loon G, Cursons R, Patty O, Acke E, Gilkerson JR, El-Hage C, Allen J, Bannai H, Kinoshita Y, Niwa H, Becú T, Pringle J, Guss B, Böse R, Abbott Y, Katz L, Leggett B, Buckley TC, Blum SE, Cruz López F, Fernández Ros A, Marotti Campi MC, Preziuso S, Robinson C, Newton JR, Schofield E, Brooke B, Boursnell M, de Brauwere N, Kirton R, Barton CK, Abudahab K, Taylor B, Yeats CA, Goater R, Aanensen DM, Harris SR, Parkhill J, Holden MTG, Waller AS. Globetrotting strangles: the unbridled national and international transmission of Streptococcus equi between horses. Microb Genom 2021 Mar;7(3).
- Cohen ND, Cywes-Bentley C, Kahn SM, Bordin AI, Bray JM, Wehmeyer SG, Pier GB. Vaccination of yearling horses against poly-N-acetyl glucosamine fails to protect against infection with Streptococcus equi subspecies equi. PLoS One 2020;15(10):e0240479.
- Charbonneau ARL, Taylor E, Mitchell CJ, Robinson C, Cain AK, Leigh JA, Maskell DJ, Waller AS. Identification of genes required for the fitness of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi in whole equine blood and hydrogen peroxide. Microb Genom 2020 Apr;6(4).
- Boyle AG, Timoney JF, Newton JR, Hines MT, Waller AS, Buchanan BR. Streptococcus equi Infections in Horses: Guidelines for Treatment, Control, and Prevention of Strangles-Revised Consensus Statement. J Vet Intern Med 2018 Mar;32(2):633-647.
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