Subconjunctival enucleation with orbital implant placement in standing horses: 20 cases (2014-2017).
Abstract: To develop a protocol for subconjunctival enucleation and orbital implant placement in standing horses and to document short- and long-term complications, cosmesis, and client satisfaction. Methods: 20 horses with nonneoplastic ocular disease requiring enucleation. Methods: A standardized protocol of surgical suite cleaning, patient preparation, sedation, local nerve blocks, surgical procedure, and postoperative care was performed. Owners were required to provide follow-up information at 1 year after surgery during a phone questionnaire. Additionally, some owners provided follow-up information at 1.8 to 4 years postoperatively. Results: 11 mares, 6 geldings, and 3 stallions with a mean age of 9 years (range, 0.5 to 25 years) were included in this study. Reasons for enucleation included corneal lacerations (n = 3), perforated ulcers (4), end-stage uveitis (7), fungal keratitis (3), endophthalmitis (1), glaucoma (1), and stromal abscess (1). The mean surgery time was 64 minutes (range, 50 to 83 minutes). The most common implant size used was 45-mm diameter (range, 43- to 47-mm diameter). Complications included mild postoperative colic (n = 4), incisional swelling (1), and drainage from the surgical site (1) that resolved without implant removal. One-year follow-up information was available for 19 of 20 horses. Fourteen owners were very satisfied and 5 owners were satisfied with the cosmetic appearance. One horse was lost to follow-up. Conclusions: Subconjunctival enucleation and orbital implant placement in standing horses was a safe and efficient alternative to general anesthesia when a standardized perioperative protocol was used. No horse developed clinically relevant complications, and owner satisfaction and cosmesis were good.
Publication Date: 2021-03-09 PubMed ID: 33683960DOI: 10.2460/javma.258.6.661Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The study aims to establish a protocol for a surgical procedure involving the removal of the eyeball (enucleation) and placement of an implant into the eye socket, performed while the horse is standing. The research evaluates the short and long-term complications, the cosmetic results, and the satisfaction of the horse owners with the process.
Methodology
- The study was conducted on 20 horses affected by non-cancerous eye diseases that necessitated the enucleation.
- A set procedure was enforced consisting of surgical suite cleaning, patient preparation, sedation, local nerve blocks, surgical procedure, and postoperative care.
- Owners had to provide follow-up information one year after the surgery through a phone questionnaire. Further follow-up information was also collected 1.8 to 4 years post-surgery in some cases.
Results
- The study involved 11 mares, 6 geldings, and 3 stallions, aged between 0.5 and 25 years old with an average age of 9 years.
- The reasons for enucleation varied: corneal lacerations, perforated ulcers, end-stage uveitis, fungal keratitis, endophthalmitis, glaucoma, and stromal abscess.
- The surgery had an average duration of 64 minutes, ranging from 50 to 83 minutes, with the most commonly used implant size being 45-mm in diameter.
- Postoperative complications were mild and included colic in 4 cases, swelling of the incision site in one case, and liquid discharge from the surgical site in one case, all of which resolved without the need for implant removal.
- Out of the 20 initial cases, follow-up information was available for 19, where 14 owners claimed they were very satisfied and 5 stated they were satisfied with the cosmetic outcome. One case was lost to follow-up.
Conclusions
- Performing subconjunctival enucleation and orbital implant placement in standing horses proved to be a safer and more efficient alternative to general anesthesia.
- No clinically relevant complications were noted when a standardized perioperative protocol was implemented.
- The cosmetic results were deemed good, and owner satisfaction was high.
Cite This Article
APA
Betbeze CM, Dray SM, Fontenot RL.
(2021).
Subconjunctival enucleation with orbital implant placement in standing horses: 20 cases (2014-2017).
J Am Vet Med Assoc, 258(6), 661-667.
https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.258.6.661 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Colic / veterinary
- Eye
- Female
- Horse Diseases / surgery
- Horses
- Male
- Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / veterinary
- Orbital Implants
- Postoperative Complications / veterinary
- Retrospective Studies
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Marzok M, Nazih MA, Almubarak AI, El-Sherif MW. A novel supraorbital surgical approach for enucleation in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedaries): cadaveric study. BMC Vet Res 2024 Oct 22;20(1):483.
- Marzok M, Nazih MA, Almubarak AI, Al-Thnaian TA, Alkhodair KM, Tharwat M, El-Sherif MW. A modified supraorbital surgical approach for enucleation- exenteration in dromedary camels (camelus dromedarius): Clinical study. PLoS One 2024;19(8):e0306710.
- Marzok M, Almubarak AI, Nazih M, Al-Thnaian TA, Alkhodair K, El-Sherif M. A novel enucleation- exenteration approach of the equine eye via the supraorbital fossa: an experimental and clinical study in donkeys (Equus asinus). Front Vet Sci 2024;11:1379151.
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