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Home / Equine Research Bank / Anim Reprod Sci / Surfactant proteins A and D in the genital tract of mares.
Animal reproduction science2006; 98(3-4); 259-270; doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2006.03.009

Surfactant proteins A and D in the genital tract of mares.

Abstract: The presence of surface-active material in the lung alveolus has been known for several decades as being essential for normal lung function. Surfactant is essential for reducing the surface tension at the alveolar air-liquid interface. Pulmonary surfactant is composed of 90% lipids and 10% proteins. There are four non-serum proteins surfactant protein-A (SP-A), surfactant protein-B (SP-B), surfactant protein-C (SP-C) and surfactant protein-D (SP-D) named in chronologic order of discovery. Lung SP-A and SP-D belong to a family of collagen-containing C-type lectin family called collectins. The host defence and controlling inflammatory processes of the lung are the major functions of SP-A and SP-D. SP-A and SP-D were originally demonstrated in alveolar type II cells, but recent studies have shown extrapulmonary expression of SP-A and SP-D indicating systemic roles of these proteins. Present study describes the presence of SP-A and SP-D in the mare genital tract, vulva, vagina, ovarium, uterus and tuba uterina using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The aim of this study was to characterize surfactant proteins in terms of: (i) whether surfactant proteins were present in the various structures of the mare genital system, (ii) if so, identifying and locating the surfactant proteins and finally (iii) determining the differences from those previously characterized for the lung. Although beyond the scope of this report, it is recognized that there are also some potential implications for better defining the reproductive defence mechanisms in mare. Therefore, genital system organs and tissues from mares were examined. We were able to show that proteins reactive with surfactant-specific antibodies were present in the mare genital tract. Thus, surfactant proteins are present not in just lamellar bodies associated with lung, but also genital system of mare.
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Publication Date: 2006-04-18 PubMed ID: 16621351DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2006.03.009Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research looks into the presence of surfactant proteins A and D in the genital tract of mares. The study aims to assess where these proteins exist and how they differ from those found in the lungs.

Understanding Surfactant Proteins

  • Surfactant proteins (SPs) are mainly known for their crucial role in lung function. They are a part of the surfactant material in the lung alveolus that reduces the surface tension at the interface of air and liquid.
  • The four primary non-serum surfactant proteins are SP-A, SP-B, SP-C and SP-D. They were named chronologically based on their discovery.
  • Surfactant proteins A and D (SP-A and SP-D) belong to a family of collagen-containing C-type lectin called collectins. They are particularly useful in controlling the lung’s inflammatory processes and facilitating host defense mechanisms.
  • Although initially identified within the alveolar type II cells in the lungs, research has uncovered the extrapulmonary existence of SP-A and SP-D, indicating these proteins play roles beyond lung function.

Objective of the Study

  • This research study aims to explore the presence of SP-A and SP-D in the genital tract of mares. The key objectives included identifying whether surfactant proteins existed in the mare’s genital structures, locating these proteins, and discerning their differences compared to those found in the lungs.

Methodology and Findings

  • The study used immunohistochemistry and Western blotting to detect the presence of SP-A and SP-D in the mare’s genital tract, including the vulva, vagina, ovarium, uterus, and tuba uterina.
  • Proteins that reacted with surfactant-specific antibodies were detected in the mare’s genital tract, confirming the presence of surfactant proteins not only in lung-associated lamellar bodies but also in the mare’s genital system.

Implications of the Study

  • Although its implications for the reproductive defense mechanisms in mares were not a primary focus, this study provides a valuable foundation for understanding the role of surfactant proteins in the mare’s genital system.

Cite This Article

APA
Kankavi O, Ata A, Gungor O. (2006). Surfactant proteins A and D in the genital tract of mares. Anim Reprod Sci, 98(3-4), 259-270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2006.03.009

Publication

Animal reproduction science
ISSN: 0378-4320
NlmUniqueID: 7807205
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 98
Issue: 3-4
Pages: 259-270

Researcher Affiliations

Kankavi, Orhan
  • Department of Biochemistry, Burdur Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Akdeniz, 15100 Burdur, Turkey. kankavi@akdeniz.edu.tr
Ata, Ayhan
    Gungor, Orsan

      MeSH Terms

      • Animals
      • Blotting, Western
      • Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional
      • Female
      • Genitalia, Female / chemistry
      • Horses / metabolism
      • Immunochemistry
      • Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A / analysis
      • Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D / analysis

      Citations

      This article has been cited 8 times.
      1. Bocking T, Singh B. Light and electron-microscopic localization of CD9 and surfactant protein A and D in normal lungs of the horse. Can J Vet Res 2021 Jul;85(3):170-176.
        pubmed: 34248260
      2. Araki M, Ohtaki T, Kimura J, Hobo S, Taya K, Tsunoda N, Taniyama H, Tsumagari S, Nambo Y. Presence of surfactant proteins in the uteri and placentae of pregnant mares. J Vet Med Sci 2021 Jul 28;83(7):1167-1172.
        doi: 10.1292/jvms.20-0174pubmed: 34135243google scholar: lookup
      3. Agrawal V, Smart K, Jilling T, Hirsch E. Surfactant protein (SP)-A suppresses preterm delivery and inflammation via TLR2. PLoS One 2013;8(5):e63990.
        doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063990pubmed: 23700442google scholar: lookup
      4. Nayak A, Dodagatta-Marri E, Tsolaki AG, Kishore U. An Insight into the Diverse Roles of Surfactant Proteins, SP-A and SP-D in Innate and Adaptive Immunity. Front Immunol 2012;3:131.
        doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00131pubmed: 22701116google scholar: lookup
      5. Hübner S, Efthymiadis A. Histochemistry and cell biology: the annual review 2010. Histochem Cell Biol 2011 Feb;135(2):111-40.
        doi: 10.1007/s00418-011-0781-7pubmed: 21279376google scholar: lookup
      6. Sati L, Seval-Celik Y, Demir R. Lung surfactant proteins in the early human placenta. Histochem Cell Biol 2010 Jan;133(1):85-93.
        doi: 10.1007/s00418-009-0642-9pubmed: 19826831google scholar: lookup
      7. McDonald RE, Fleming RI, Beeley JG, Bovell DL, Lu JR, Zhao X, Cooper A, Kennedy MW. Latherin: a surfactant protein of horse sweat and saliva. PLoS One 2009 May 29;4(5):e5726.
        doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005726pubmed: 19478940google scholar: lookup
      8. Özbek M, Ata A, Karaca H, Kankavi O. Changes in surfactant protein A and D in ovine ovaries related to follicle development. Vet Res Commun 2024 Aug;48(4):2671-2676.
        doi: 10.1007/s11259-024-10367-3pubmed: 38635105google scholar: lookup
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