Suspected chlorfenapyr poisoning in a horse.
Abstract: Chlorfenapyr is a pesticide that interferes with mitochondrial function, leading to cell death and mortality. Although poisoning is primarily documented in humans and dogs, it can result in severe clinical signs, including sweating, respiratory distress, and neurological dysfunction. This report describes the clinical and laboratory findings of a horse with suspected accidental intoxication with chlorfenapyr. A 4-year-old Quarter Horse mare was referred to the veterinary hospital with signs of excessive sweating, hyperthermia, tachypnea, muscle fasciculation, and fearful facial expression. The clinical signs appeared a day after the paddock where the horse grazed was sprayed with chlorfenapyr for caterpillar control. Despite initial abnormalities in renal and liver profiles in the serum biochemistry analysis, the horse responded positively to supportive treatment with intravenous fluid therapy, sodium dipyrone (25mg/kg QID), and cold-water showers, showing improvement in clinical parameters, and was discharged without further complications.
Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2025-02-07 PubMed ID: 39924083DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105380Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The study delves into a unique incident where a horse showed signs of chlorfenapyr poisoning, a substance typically associated with human and canine toxicities. The research then explores the symptoms, treatment, and recovery of the affected horse.
Understanding the Background and Scope of Chlorfenapyr Poisoning
- Chlorfenapyr is a type of insecticide known to disrupt mitochondrial function, and ultimately, lead to cell death. While poisoning incidents involving this substance primarily occur among humans and dogs, any exposure can potentially cause severe health effects.
- This particular study centers on the case of a four-year-old female Quarter Horse suspectedly poisoned by chlorfenapyr.
Case Report on Chlorfenapyr Poisoning in a Horse
- Following a day after the farm where the horse grazed had been sprayed with chlorfenapyr to ward off caterpillars, the horse began showing symptoms indicative of chlorfenapyr poisoning. These include hyperthermia, excessive sweating, muscle shaking, rapid breathing, and signs of distress.
- The horse was promptly referred to a veterinary hospital to undergo necessary treatment and monitoring.
Assessment of Clinical and Laboratory Findings
- Upon admission, the horse was subjected to serum biochemistry analysis to evaluate the extent of the poisoning.
- Initial results showed abnormalities in the horse’s renal and liver profiles; however, these readings were carefully considered within the context of the observed clinical symptoms.
Treatment and Recovery from Chlorfenapyr Poisoning
- The horse was given supportive treatment based on its observed symptoms and clinical findings. This course of treatment entailed intravenous fluid therapy, combined with the administration of sodium dipyrone.
- The horse was also subjected to cold-water showers to help alleviate symptoms of overheating or hyperthermia.
- Promisingly, the horse showed significant improvement in clinical parameters after the course of treatment and was discharged with no signs of further complications.
Cite This Article
APA
Simões BP, Cerri FM, Takahira RK, Borges AS, Oliveira-Filho JP, Amorim RM.
(2025).
Suspected chlorfenapyr poisoning in a horse.
J Equine Vet Sci, 146, 105380.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2025.105380 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Veterinary Clinic Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Professor Doctor Walter Mauricio Correa Street, unnumbered, Botucatu São Paulo, Brazil, 18618-681.
- Veterinary Clinic Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Professor Doctor Walter Mauricio Correa Street, unnumbered, Botucatu São Paulo, Brazil, 18618-681.
- Veterinary Clinic Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Professor Doctor Walter Mauricio Correa Street, unnumbered, Botucatu São Paulo, Brazil, 18618-681.
- Veterinary Clinic Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Professor Doctor Walter Mauricio Correa Street, unnumbered, Botucatu São Paulo, Brazil, 18618-681.
- Veterinary Clinic Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Professor Doctor Walter Mauricio Correa Street, unnumbered, Botucatu São Paulo, Brazil, 18618-681.
- Veterinary Clinic Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Professor Doctor Walter Mauricio Correa Street, unnumbered, Botucatu São Paulo, Brazil, 18618-681. Electronic address: rogerio.amorim@unesp.br.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Horses
- Female
- Horse Diseases / chemically induced
- Horse Diseases / therapy
- Pyrethrins / poisoning
- Insecticides / poisoning
Conflict of Interest Statement
Declaration of competing interest None of the authors have any financial or personal relationships that could inappropriately influence or bias the content of the paper.
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