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Home / Equine Research Bank / Animals (Basel) / The Effects of Red Light on Mammalian Sperm Rely upon the Co...
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2021; 11(1); 122; doi: 10.3390/ani11010122

The Effects of Red Light on Mammalian Sperm Rely upon the Color of the Straw and the Medium Used.

Abstract: Previous research has determined that irradiation of mammalian sperm with red light increases motility, mitochondrial activity, and fertilization capacity. In spite of this, no study has considered the potential influence of the color of the straw and the extender used. Therefore, this study tests the hypothesis that the response of mammalian sperm to red light is influenced by the color of the straw and the turbidity/composition of the extender. Using the horse as a model, 13 ejaculates from 13 stallions were split into two equal fractions, diluted with Kenney or Equiplus extender, and stored at 4 °C for 24 h. Thereafter, each diluted fraction was split into five equal aliquots and subsequently packed into 0.5-mL straws of red, blue, yellow, white, or transparent color. Straws were either nonirradiated (control) or irradiated with a light-dark-light pattern of 3-3-3 (i.e., light: 3 min, dark: 3 min; light: 3 min) prior to evaluating sperm motility, acrosome and plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and intracellular ROS and calcium levels. Our results showed that irradiation increased some motion variables, mitochondrial membrane potential, and intracellular ROS without affecting the integrities of the plasma membrane and acrosome. Remarkably, the extent of those changes varied with the color of the straw and the extender used; the effects of irradiation were more apparent when sperm were diluted with Equiplus extender and packed into red-colored straws or when samples were diluted with Kenney extender and packed into transparent straws. As the increase in sperm motility and intracellular ROS levels was parallel to that of mitochondrial activity, we suggest that the impact of red light on sperm function relies upon the specific rates of energy provided to the mitochondria, which, in turn, vary with the color of the straw and the turbidity/composition of the extender.
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Publication Date: 2021-01-08 PubMed ID: 33429933PubMed Central: PMC7826721DOI: 10.3390/ani11010122Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigates the effects of red light exposure on mammalian sperm depending on the color of the storage straw and the extender medium used. It found that red light influences sperm motility and mitochondrial activity differently based on these factors.

Objective of Research

  • The primary goal of this research paper was to test the hypothesis that the color of the straw and the composition of the extender medium used significantly influence how mammalian sperm respond to red light irradiation.
  • The researchers used horses as the model organisms for this study, taking 13 ejaculates from 13 stallions.

Methodology

  • The researchers divided each ejaculate into two equal fractions, which were then diluted with either Kenney or Equiplus extender and kept at 4 °C for 24 hours.
  • Subsequently, each diluted fraction was divided into five equal parts, which were each placed into 0.5-mL straws of different colors: red, blue, yellow, white, or transparent.
  • These straws were then either exposed to alternating three-minute periods of light and darkness, or left non-irradiated as a control group. Following these procedures, the researchers measured sperm motility, acrosome and plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium.

Results

  • Findings from this study showed that red light irradiation increased certain motion variables, mitochondrial membrane potential, and intracellular ROS levels, without affecting the integrity of the plasma membrane and acrosome.
  • Importantly, these effects varied depending on the straw color and extender medium used. The effects were most noticeable when the sperm were diluted with Equiplus extender and packed in red-colored straws, or when diluted with Kenney extender and stored in transparent straws.

Conclusions

  • The researchers concluded that the effects of red light on sperm function depend on the specific rates of energy provided to the mitochondria, which in turn are influenced by the color of the straw and the turbidity/composition of the extender medium.
  • As such, this study offers a nuanced perspective on the effects of red light irradiation on sperm function, demonstrating how its effects can vary under different conditions.

Cite This Article

APA
Catalán J, Yánez-Ortiz I, Gacem S, Papas M, Bonet S, Rodríguez-Gil JE, Yeste M, Miró J. (2021). The Effects of Red Light on Mammalian Sperm Rely upon the Color of the Straw and the Medium Used. Animals (Basel), 11(1), 122. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11010122

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 1
PII: 122

Researcher Affiliations

Catalán, Jaime
  • Equine Reproduction Service, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain.
  • Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, E-17003 Girona, Spain.
  • Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, E-17003 Girona, Spain.
Yánez-Ortiz, Iván
  • Equine Reproduction Service, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain.
Gacem, Sabrina
  • Equine Reproduction Service, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain.
Papas, Marion
  • Equine Reproduction Service, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain.
Bonet, Sergi
  • Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, E-17003 Girona, Spain.
  • Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, E-17003 Girona, Spain.
Rodríguez-Gil, Joan E
  • Equine Reproduction Service, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain.
Yeste, Marc
  • Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, E-17003 Girona, Spain.
  • Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, E-17003 Girona, Spain.
Miró, Jordi
  • Equine Reproduction Service, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain.

Grant Funding

  • RYC-2014-15581 / Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaciu00f3n
  • AGL2017-88329-R / Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaciu00f3n
  • 2017/72180128 / Comisiu00f3n Nacional de Investigaciu00f3n Cientu00edfica y Tecnolu00f3gica
  • 2017-SGR-1229 / Agu00e8ncia de Gestiu00f3 d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca

Conflict of Interest Statement

J.E.R.-G. and M.Y. are inventors of a patent entitled “Method and apparatus for improving the quality of mammalian sperm” (European Patent Office, No. 16199093.2; EP-3-323-289-A1), which is owned by Instruments Útils de Laboratori Geniul, SL (Barcelona, Spain).

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Citations

This article has been cited 4 times.
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