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Prion2018; 12(3-4); 245-252; doi: 10.1080/19336896.2018.1513316

The first report of polymorphisms and genetic characteristics of the prion protein gene (PRNP) in horses.

Abstract: Prion diseases have a wide host range, but prion-infected cases have never been reported in horses. Genetic polymorphisms that can directly impact the structural stability of horse prion protein have not been investigated thus far. In addition, we noticed that previous studies focusing on horse-specific amino acids and secondary structure predictions of prion protein were performed for limited parts of the protein. In this study, we found genetic polymorphisms in the horse prion protein gene (PRNP) in 201 Thoroughbred horses. The identified polymorphism was assessed to determine whether this polymorphism impedes stability of protein using PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN and PANTHER. In addition, we evaluated horse-specific amino acids in horse and mouse prion proteins using same methods. We found only one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the horse prion protein, and three annotation tools predicted that the SNP is benign. In addition, horse-specific amino acids showed different effects on horse and mouse prion proteins, respectively. Abbreviations: PRNP: prion protein gene; SNP: single nucleotide polymorphism; CJD: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease; CWD: chronic wasting disease; TME: transmissible mink encephalopathy; FSE: feline spongiform encephalopathy; MD: molecular dynamics; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; GPI: glycosylphosphatidylinositol; NMR: nuclear magnetic resonance; ORF: open reading frame; GWAS: genome-wide association study; NAPA: non-adaptive prion amplification; HMM: hidden Markov model; NCBI: National Center for Biotechnology Information.
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Publication Date: 2018-09-12 PubMed ID: 30165784PubMed Central: PMC6277191DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2018.1513316Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article discusses the identification and analysis of genetic polymorphisms in the horse prion protein gene (PRNP) and its impact on the stability of the protein. Only one genetic polymorphism was found, which was benign, indicating that these polymorphisms do not contribute to prion diseases in horses.

Research Outline and Methodology

  • The researchers gathered data from 201 Thoroughbred horses for this study. The horse samples provided a rich source of data to study the prion protein gene (PRNP).
  • Using data analytics and computational tools like PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN, and PANTHER, the researchers analyzed the genetic polymorphisms found in the PRNP gene.
  • The aim was to assess if these polymorphisms affect the structural stability of the prion protein, which could lead to destabilization and prion diseases.

Findings of the Research

  • Only one Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) was found in the horse PRNP gene. SNP represents a change in a single nucleotide—the basic building blocks of DNA. They are often used to track the inheritance of disease genes within families.
  • Three different scientific annotation tools predicted this SNP to be benign, meaning that it does not contribute to disease or structural instability.
  • Additionally, horse-specific amino acids were identified and evaluated in both horses and mice. These showed different effects on the prion proteins of each species, further emphasizing the unique genetic make-up and resistance mechanisms in horses against prion diseases.

Implications and Significance of the Study

  • Understanding the genetic characteristics and polymorphisms of the PRNP gene in horses may contribute to the broader understanding of prion diseases. It may also help to identify why horses aren’t typically affected by such diseases, unlike many other species.
  • The benign SNP discovered could serve as a valuable reference point for future genetic studies involving prion diseases, potentially leading to more effective treatments or preventative measures.
  • Also, the study elucidates the role of species-specific amino acids in disease susceptibility, opening avenues for targeted genetic therapy.

Cite This Article

APA
Kim YC, Jeong BH. (2018). The first report of polymorphisms and genetic characteristics of the prion protein gene (PRNP) in horses. Prion, 12(3-4), 245-252. https://doi.org/10.1080/19336896.2018.1513316

Publication

Prion
ISSN: 1933-690X
NlmUniqueID: 101472305
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 3-4
Pages: 245-252

Researcher Affiliations

Kim, Yong-Chan
  • a Korea Zoonosis Research Institute , Chonbuk National University , Iksan , Republic of Korea.
  • b Department of Bioactive Material Sciences , Chonbuk National University , Jeonju , Republic of Korea.
Jeong, Byung-Hoon
  • a Korea Zoonosis Research Institute , Chonbuk National University , Iksan , Republic of Korea.
  • b Department of Bioactive Material Sciences , Chonbuk National University , Jeonju , Republic of Korea.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Chickens
  • Genome-Wide Association Study
  • Horses
  • Oligopeptides / genetics
  • Oligopeptides / metabolism
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / genetics
  • Prion Proteins / genetics
  • Prion Proteins / metabolism
  • Prions / genetics
  • Prions / metabolism

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Citations

This article has been cited 13 times.
  1. Lee YR, Kim YC, Won SY, Jeong MJ, Park KJ, Park HC, Roh IS, Kang HE, Sohn HJ, Jeong BH. Identification of a novel risk factor for chronic wasting disease (CWD) in elk: S100G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the prion protein gene (PRNP).. Vet Res 2023 Jun 16;54(1):48.
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  10. Kim YC, Won SY, Jeong BH. Absence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the open reading frame (ORF) of the prion protein gene (PRNP) in a large sampling of various chicken breeds.. BMC Genomics 2019 Dec 3;20(1):922.
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