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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2019; 10(1); 28; doi: 10.3390/ani10010028

The Occurrence and Characterization of Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Clinical Diagnostic Specimens of Equine Origin.

Abstract: isolates were recovered from clinical specimens of equine patients admitted to the Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital over a five-year period. Ceftiofur resistance was used as a marker for potential extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-activity, and of the 48 ceftiofur-resistant isolates, 27.08% ( = 13) were phenotypically ESBL-positive. Conventional PCR analysis followed by the Finder multiplex PCR detected the ESBL genes, CTX-M-1 and SHV, in seven out of the 13 isolates. Moreover, beta-lactamase genes of TEM-1-type, BER-type (AmpC), and OXA-type were also identified. Sequencing of these genes resulted in identification of a novel TEM-1-type gene, called , and a study is currently underway to determine if this gene confers the ESBL phenotype. Furthermore, this report is the first to have found ST1308 in horses. This subtype, which has been reported in other herbivores, harbored the SHV-type ESBL gene. Finally, one out of 13 E. coli isolates was PCR-positive for the carbapenemase gene, despite the lack of phenotypically proven resistance to imipenem. With the identification of novel ESBL gene variant and the demonstrated expansion of sequence types in equine patients, this study underscores the need for more investigation of equines as reservoirs for ESBL-producing pathogens.
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Publication Date: 2019-12-21 PubMed ID: 31877788PubMed Central: PMC7022413DOI: 10.3390/ani10010028Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research focused on the identification and characterization of a particular type of resistance in E.coli bacteria isolated from horses. The study discovered a new gene variant which contributes to antibiotic resistance and emphasizes the necessity for further research regarding horses as possible carriers of such resistant pathogens.

Extraction of Isolates

  • The research conducted tests onceftiofur-resistant (an antibiotic used in veterinary medicine) E. coli isolates (genotypes) that were gathered from clinical specimens pertaining to equine patients. These patients were admitted to the Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital over a period of five years.

Detection of Resistance

  • The research used ceftiofur resistance as a marker to identify potential extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) activity. ESBLs are enzymes that bacteria produce to make themselves resistant to certain types of antibiotics. Out of the 48 ceftiofur-resistant E. coli isolates, 27.08% were observed to be phenotypically ESBL-positive.

Identification of Resistance Genes

  • A conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test was utilized after the Finder multiplex PCR test, which identified the ESBL genes CTX-M-1 and SHV in seven out of the 13 isolates.
  • In addition, beta-lactamase genes of TEM-1-type, BER-type (AmpC), and OXA-type were also found. Beta-lactamase is an enzyme produced by bacteria that provides resistance against antibiotics.
  • Upon further examination of these genes, a new TEM-1-type gene was discovered, referred to as blaTEM-1B.

Further Investigations

  • Further research is being carried out to determine if the newly discovered gene is responsible for conferment of the ESBL phenotype.
  • The research also identified, for the first time, the E. coli sequence type ST1308 in horses. This subtype was found to contain the SHV-type ESBL gene, which has been previously reported in other herbivores.
  • Interestingly, one out of 13 E. coli isolates tested positive for the carbapenemase gene (a resistance gene against a class of antibiotics known as carbapenems), despite the isolate not showing phenotypic resistance to imipenem, a carbapenem antibiotic.

Study Implications

  • The identification of the novel ESBL gene variant and the demonstrated expansion of E. coli sequence types in equine patients underscores the importance of more research on horses as vessels for ESBL-producing pathogens.

Cite This Article

APA
Elias L, Gillis DC, Gurrola-Rodriguez T, Jeon JH, Lee JH, Kim TY, Lee SH, Murray SA, Ohta N, Scott HM, Wu J, Rogovskyy AS. (2019). The Occurrence and Characterization of Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Clinical Diagnostic Specimens of Equine Origin. Animals (Basel), 10(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10010028

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
PII: 28

Researcher Affiliations

Elias, Leta
  • Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
Gillis, David C
  • Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
Gurrola-Rodriguez, Tanya
  • Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
Jeon, Jeong Ho
  • National Leading Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggido 17058, Korea.
Lee, Jung Hun
  • National Leading Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggido 17058, Korea.
Kim, Tae Yeong
  • National Leading Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggido 17058, Korea.
Lee, Sang Hee
  • National Leading Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggido 17058, Korea.
Murray, Sarah A
  • Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
Ohta, Naomi
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Imabari, Ehime, Japan.
Scott, Harvey Morgan
  • Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
Wu, Jing
  • Clinical Veterinary Microbiology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
Rogovskyy, Artem S
  • Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA.

Grant Funding

  • NRF-2017M3A9E4078014 provided to S.L. / Bio and Medical Technology Development Program of the NRF, the Ministry of Science and ICT

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

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