The use of Baypamun N in crowding associated infectious respiratory disease: efficacy of Baypamun N (freeze dried product) in 4-10 month old horses.
Abstract: The efficacy of an immunomodulator, Baypamun N, was tested in 4-10-month-old horses which were exposed to stress by weaning, transport and commingling with yearlings from different breeders (crowding). Verum (n = 26) and placebo animals (n = 27) received three intramuscular injections of the investigational preparations (days 0, 2, 9) starting at the day of commingling in one stable. The incidence of acute respiratory disease was high during the first 4 weeks after commingling. Approximately 50% of all horses showed seroconversion due to field infection by EHV1 and EHV4 during the observation period. The clinical scores in the Baypamun N group were significantly reduced by 40.3% (P < 0.05) compared to the placebo group. The proportion of horses with purulent nasal discharge during the observation period (4 weeks) was also significantly reduced by 58.7% (P < 0.01) in the Baypamun N group. Fifty per cent of the horses injected with Baypamun N showed no purulent nasal discharge and therefore no signs of complicated disease of the upper respiratory airways in contrast to only 14.8% in the non-protected placebo group. The challenge conditions studied in this investigation were rather severe because of the permanent exposure of Baypamun N treated individuals to the non-separated and untreated horses (n = 51). This indicates that treatment with Baypamun N is a successful tool to avoid severe clinical consequences of stress in young horses.
Publication Date: 1998-02-06 PubMed ID: 9451942DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.1997.tb01004.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Clinical Trial
- Journal Article
- Randomized Controlled Trial
Summary
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This study researched the effectiveness of the immunomodulator, Baypamun N, in reducing respiratory disease incidence in young horses exposed to stress from weaning, transport, and crowding. The study found that the use of Baypamun N significantly reduced clinical symptoms in these horses, demonstrating its efficacy in preventing severe respiratory disease in stressful conditions.
Research Methodology
- The research involved horses aged between 4 to 10 months which were experiencing stress due to factors such as weaning, transportation and crowding.
- The horses were divided into two groups: the Verum (n = 26) which received Baypamun N and the placebo group (n = 27) that didn’t receive the drug. Treatment was administered through three intramuscular injections (on days 0, 2, 9) starting the day the horses were combined in one stable.
Observations and Results
- There was a high incidence of acute respiratory disease observed in the first four weeks of commingling.
- About half of all horses showed an immune system response (seroconversion) due to field infection by EHV1 and EHV4 during the observation period.
- By comparing the clinical scores, it was observed that the Baypamun N group had a 40.3% reduction (P < 0.05) in disease severity relative to the placebo group.
- The number of horses with purulent (pus-filled) nasal discharge within the four-week observation period was also significantly reduced by 58.7% (P < 0.01) in horses treated with Baypamun N.
Conclusions
- In the Baypamun N group, 50% of treated horses presented no purulent nasal discharge, which indicated no signs of complex upper respiratory tract disease, as opposed to only 14.8% in the non-treated placebo group.
- The study conditions were considered extremely challenging due to the continuous exposure of the treated horses to untreated horses.
- The results suggest that Baypamun N is a beneficial treatment for preventing severe health effects from stress in young horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Ziebell KL, Steinmann H, Kretzdorn D, Schlapp T, Failing K, Schmeer N.
(1998).
The use of Baypamun N in crowding associated infectious respiratory disease: efficacy of Baypamun N (freeze dried product) in 4-10 month old horses.
Zentralbl Veterinarmed B, 44(9), 529-536.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0450.1997.tb01004.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Bayer AG, Animal Health, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Leverkusen, Germany.
MeSH Terms
- Acute Disease
- Adjuvants, Immunologic / administration & dosage
- Adjuvants, Immunologic / standards
- Adjuvants, Immunologic / therapeutic use
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral / blood
- Herpesviridae Infections / prevention & control
- Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / immunology
- Horse Diseases / etiology
- Horse Diseases / prevention & control
- Horses
- Respiratory Tract Infections / etiology
- Respiratory Tract Infections / prevention & control
- Respiratory Tract Infections / veterinary
- Stress, Physiological / complications
- Stress, Physiological / veterinary
- Varicellovirus / immunology
- Viral Vaccines / administration & dosage
- Viral Vaccines / standards
- Viral Vaccines / therapeutic use
Citations
This article has been cited 9 times.- Carnet F, Paillot R, Fortier C, Hue ES, Briot L, de Geoffroy F, Vidalain PO, Pronost S. Immunostimulating Effect of Inactivated Parapoxvirus Ovis on the Serological Response to Equine Influenza Booster Vaccination.. Vaccines (Basel) 2022 Dec 14;10(12).
- Cui H, Zhao K, Zhang C, Lin J, Sun S, Li Q, Du L, Zhang C, Liu J, Gao F, He W, Gao Y, Guo Z, Guan J. Parapoxvirus-based therapy eliminates SARS-CoV-2-loaded fine aerosol and blocks viral transmission in hamster models.. Front Microbiol 2022;13:1086627.
- Hue ES, Richard EA, Fortier CI, Fortier GD, Paillot R, Raue R, Pronost SL. Equine PBMC Cytokines Profile after In Vitro α- and γ-EHV Infection: Efficacy of a Parapoxvirus Ovis Based-Immunomodulator Treatment.. Vaccines (Basel) 2017 Sep 19;5(3).
- Walter J, Seeh C, Fey K, Bleul U, Osterrieder N. Clinical observations and management of a severe equine herpesvirus type 1 outbreak with abortion and encephalomyelitis.. Acta Vet Scand 2013 Mar 5;55(1):19.
- Weber O, Mercer AA, Friebe A, Knolle P, Volk HD. Therapeutic immunomodulation using a virus--the potential of inactivated orf virus.. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2013 Apr;32(4):451-60.
- McGuire MJ, Johnston SA, Sykes KF. Novel immune-modulator identified by a rapid, functional screen of the parapoxvirus ovis (Orf virus) genome.. Proteome Sci 2012 Jan 13;10(1):4.
- Diel DG, Delhon G, Luo S, Flores EF, Rock DL. A novel inhibitor of the NF-{kappa}B signaling pathway encoded by the parapoxvirus orf virus.. J Virol 2010 Apr;84(8):3962-73.
- Koo H, Ryu SH, Ahn HJ, Jung WK, Park YK, Kwon NH, Kim SH, Kim JM, Yoo BW, Choi SI, Davis WC, Park YH. Immunostimulatory effects of the anionic alkali mineral complex Barodon on equine lymphocytes.. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2006 Nov;13(11):1255-66.
- Fachinger V, Schlapp T, Strube W, Schmeer N, Saalmüller A. Poxvirus-induced immunostimulating effects on porcine leukocytes.. J Virol 2000 Sep;74(17):7943-51.
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