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Home / Equine Research Bank / Pathogens / Twenty Years of Equine Piroplasmosis Research: Global Distri...
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2020; 9(11); 926; doi: 10.3390/pathogens9110926

Twenty Years of Equine Piroplasmosis Research: Global Distribution, Molecular Diagnosis, and Phylogeny.

Abstract: Equine piroplasmosis (EP), caused by the hemoparasites , , and , is an important tick-borne disease of equines that is prevalent in most parts of the world. Infection may affect animal welfare and has economic impacts related to limitations in horse transport between endemic and non-endemic regions, reduced performance of sport horses and treatment costs. Here, we analyzed the epidemiological, serological, and molecular diagnostic data published in the last 20 years, and all DNA sequences submitted to GenBank database, to describe the current global prevalence of these parasites. We demonstrate that EP is endemic in most parts of the world, and that it is spreading into more temperate climates. We emphasize the importance of using DNA sequencing and genotyping to monitor the spread of parasites, and point to the necessity of further studies to improve genotypic characterization of newly recognized parasite species and strains, and their linkage to virulence.
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Publication Date: 2020-11-08 PubMed ID: 33171698PubMed Central: PMC7695325DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110926Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research paper recounts two decades of study into the global distribution, molecular diagnosis, and phylogeny of the tick-borne disease equine piroplasmosis. The researchers analyzed data to demonstrate the widespread prevalence of the disease, noting its migration into temperate climates and the importance of genotyping for tracking and characterizing new strains.

Global Distribution of Equine Piroplasmosis

  • Equine piroplasmosis (EP) is caused by hemoparasites and is transmitted via ticks to equines (horses, ponies, mules and zebras). Infection can negatively impact the welfare of the infected animals.
  • The economic impact of EP is significant. As it is prevalent in most parts of the world, it can cause limitations in horse transportation between regions with a high incidence of the disease (endemic) and those where it is not prevalent (non-endemic).
  • The disease also results in reduced performance of sport horses, incurring additional costs for treatments.
  • This study emphasizes that EP is not only endemic in most parts of the world, but that it is spreading into more temperate climates.

Molecular Diagnosis of Equine Piroplasmosis

  • Molecular diagnosis is a crucial part of monitoring the spread of EP. Researchers make use of DNA sequencing and genotyping to track the spread of the parasites that cause EP.
  • All DNA sequences for these parasites have been submitted to the GenBank database. This helps in the global monitoring and documented prevalence of these parasites.
  • The study emphasizes the importance of these molecular diagnostic techniques, and recommends further research to improve the genotypic characterization of newly recognized parasitic species and strains.

Phylogeny of Equine Piroplasmosis

  • The researchers have gone a step further and suggested that further studies should be conducted to determine the linkage between different genotypes of the parasites and their capacity for virulence, or severity of disease.
  • This would aid in finding effective treatment options and possibly proactive methods to control the spread of the disease, especially in relation to new parasitic species and strains.

Cite This Article

APA
Tirosh-Levy S, Gottlieb Y, Fry LM, Knowles DP, Steinman A. (2020). Twenty Years of Equine Piroplasmosis Research: Global Distribution, Molecular Diagnosis, and Phylogeny. Pathogens, 9(11), 926. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9110926

Publication

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 2076-0817
NlmUniqueID: 101596317
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 9
Issue: 11
PII: 926

Researcher Affiliations

Tirosh-Levy, Sharon
  • Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
Gottlieb, Yuval
  • Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
Fry, Lindsay M
  • Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
  • Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
Knowles, Donald P
  • Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
Steinman, Amir
  • Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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