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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Clin Pathol / Use of serum amyloid A in equine medicine and surgery.
Veterinary clinical pathology2022; 52 Suppl 1; 8-18; doi: 10.1111/vcp.13195

Use of serum amyloid A in equine medicine and surgery.

Abstract: Serum amyloid A (SAA) has become an indispensable part of the management of equine patients in general practice and specialized hospital settings. Although several proteins possess acute phase properties in horses, the usefulness of SAA exceeds that of other acute phase proteins. This is due to the highly desirable kinetics of the equine SAA response. SAA concentrations exhibit a rapid and pronounced increase in response to inflammation and a rapid decline after the resolution of inflammation. This facilitates the detection of inflammatory disease and real-time monitoring of inflammatory activity. SAA may be used in all stages of patient management: (1) before diagnosis (to rule in/rule out inflammatory disease), (2) at the time of diagnosis (to assess the severity of inflammation and assist in prognostication), and (3) after diagnosis (to monitor changes in inflammatory activity in response to therapy, with relapse of disease, or with infectious/inflammatory complications). By assessing other acute phase reactants in addition to SAA, clinicians can succinctly stage inflammation. White blood cell counts and serum iron concentration change within hours of an inflammatory insult, SAA within a day, and fibrinogen within 2-3 days; the interrelationship of these markers thus indicates the duration and activity of the inflammatory condition. Much research on the equine SAA response and clinical use has been conducted in the last decade. This is the prerequisite for the evidence-based use of this analyte. However, still today, most published studies involve a fairly low number of horses. To obtain solid evidence for use of SAA, future studies should be designed with larger sample sizes.
© 2022 The Author. Veterinary Clinical Pathology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology.
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Publication Date: 2022-11-06 PubMed ID: 36336845DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13195Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research discusses the importance of Serum Amyloid A (SAA) in managing equine patients. It highlights its usefulness as a response to inflammation, with its ability to rise rapidly and decrease upon resolution, alongside its ability to diagnose, determine severity, and monitor inflammation effectively.

The Significance of Serum Amyloid A (SAA) in Equine Medicine

  • In the field of equine medicine and surgery, Serum Amyloid A (SAA) plays a crucial role. This acute-phase protein responds rapidly to inflammation, offering an effective bio-marker for diagnosing and monitoring inflammatory conditions in horses.
  • SAA has advantages over other acute-phase proteins due to its kinetic properties, which allow it to rise and fall rapidly in response to the presence and resolution of inflammation respectively.

Functions of Serum Amyloid A (SAA) in Patient Management

  • SAA plays a critical part in all stages of patient management, namely before diagnosis to either indicate or exclude inflammatory diseases, at diagnosis to determine the severity and prognosis of the inflammation, and post-diagnosis to observe changes in the inflammatory activity over time and assess the effectiveness of treatments.
  • By considering other acute phase reactants along with SAA, healthcare professionals can accurately determine the stage of inflammation. For instance, changes in white blood cell counts and serum iron concentration occur within hours of an inflammatory insult, while changes in SAA and fibrinogen can be seen within a day and 2-3 days, respectively. Interpreting these markers collectively can help to comprehend the duration and activity of the inflammation.

Existing Research on Serum Amyloid A (SAA) and Future Recommendations

  • There has been extensive research on the SAA response in horses and its clinical application over the last ten years. This research forms the basis for evidence-based use of this marker in equine medicine.
  • Despite the volume of research, the majority of these studies involve a relatively small number of horses. For future research to provide robust evidence for the use of SAA, studies must be designed with larger sample sizes.

Cite This Article

APA
Jacobsen S. (2022). Use of serum amyloid A in equine medicine and surgery. Vet Clin Pathol, 52 Suppl 1, 8-18. https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13195

Publication

Veterinary clinical pathology
ISSN: 1939-165X
NlmUniqueID: 9880575
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 52 Suppl 1
Pages: 8-18

Researcher Affiliations

Jacobsen, Stine
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Section Medicine & Surgery, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Serum Amyloid A Protein / analysis
  • Acute-Phase Proteins / analysis
  • Inflammation / veterinary
  • Fibrinogen / analysis
  • Leukocyte Count / veterinary
  • Horse Diseases / diagnosis

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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
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