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The Veterinary record1994; 134(22); 574-576; doi: 10.1136/vr.134.22.574

Use of the serum neutralisation test for equine viral arteritis with different virus strains.

Abstract: Serum cross neutralisation tests were conducted with a recent American isolate (84KY-A1) and a European isolate, (Wroclaw-2) and compared with the prototype and modified viruses of the Bucyrus strain of equine arteritis virus by using virus specific immune horse sera. The modified Bucyrus strain was neutralised and showed high neutralisation titres with all the immune sera. The prototype Bucyrus strain was also substantially neutralised, followed by the 84KY-A1 strain. As a result of the tests with the modified Bucyrus strain as the antigen, 20 seropositive horses were discovered among home-bred horses which had no previous record of clinical equine viral arteritis. Heat inactivation of the sera at 62 degrees C for 30 minutes caused the disappearance of all but the most positive reactions. When the prototype Bucyrus strain was used instead of the modified virus, no positive reactions were detectable. A serological survey, using the Bucyrus strain in a microtitre neutralisation test, was conducted with 1656 horse sera collected between 1988 and 1990 in Japan. The test disclosed only eight foreign-bred horses positive to the virus; they had been imported as competition horses. No circumstantial evidence of an effect of such horses as a source of infection for horse populations free of the virus was obtained.
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Publication Date: 1994-05-28 PubMed ID: 7941250DOI: 10.1136/vr.134.22.574Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper reports that the blood serum test for equine viral arteritis using different virus strains has been successful in identifying infected horses, with the modified Bucyrus strain showing high neutralisation rates amongst tested equine serum samples.

Research Methodology

  • The team carried out serum cross-neutralisation tests using different strains of the equine arteritis virus. This included a recent American isolate (84KY-A1), a European isolate (Wroclaw-2), and the prototype and modified versions of the Bucyrus strain.
  • These different virus strains were exposed to virus-specific immune horse serum for the test.

Results and Findings

  • The modified Bucyrus strain was found to be neutralised by the immune horse sera, demonstrating high neutralisation titres with all tested sera.
  • The prototype Bucyrus strain was largely neutralised, with the 84KY-A1 strain following suit.
  • Using the modified Bucyrus strain as the antigen, the researchers identified 20 seropositive horses amongst home-bred horses that had no history of clinical equine viral arteritis.
  • Heat inactivation of the sera at 62 degrees C for 30 minutes led to the disappearance of all but the most positive reactions.
  • When the prototype Bucyrus strain was used as the antigen instead of the modified one, no positive reactions were noted.

Serological Survey

  • A serological survey was also conducted using the Bucyrus strain in a microtitre neutralisation test.
  • 1656 horse sera samples collected from 1988-1990 in Japan were used in this survey.
  • The survey identified only eight foreign-bred horses that reacted positively to the virus. Interestingly, these horses were imported for competition purposes.
  • However, the researchers found no evidence to suggest that these foreign-bred horses were a source of infection for local horse populations that were virus-free.

Cite This Article

APA
Fukunaga Y, Matsumura T, Sugiura T, Wada R, Imagawa H, Kanemaru T, Kamada M. (1994). Use of the serum neutralisation test for equine viral arteritis with different virus strains. Vet Rec, 134(22), 574-576. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.134.22.574

Publication

The Veterinary record
ISSN: 0042-4900
NlmUniqueID: 0031164
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 134
Issue: 22
Pages: 574-576

Researcher Affiliations

Fukunaga, Y
  • Epizootic Research Station, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi.
Matsumura, T
    Sugiura, T
      Wada, R
        Imagawa, H
          Kanemaru, T
            Kamada, M

              MeSH Terms

              • Animals
              • Antibodies, Viral / analysis
              • Antigens, Viral / immunology
              • Arterivirus Infections / diagnosis
              • Arterivirus Infections / veterinary
              • Equartevirus / immunology
              • Female
              • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
              • Horses
              • Male
              • Neutralization Tests / veterinary
              • Sensitivity and Specificity

              Citations

              This article has been cited 9 times.
              1. Xu J, Zhang X, Zhou S, Shen J, Yang D, Wu J, Li X, Li M, Huang X, Sealy JE, Iqbal M, Li Y. A DNA aptamer efficiently inhibits the infectivity of Bovine herpesvirus 1 by blocking viral entry. Sci Rep 2017 Sep 18;7(1):11796.
                doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10070-1pubmed: 28924154google scholar: lookup
              2. Glaser AL, Chirnside ED, Horzinek MC, de Vries AA. Equine arteritis virus. Theriogenology 1997 Apr 15;47(6):1275-95.
                doi: 10.1016/s0093-691x(97)00107-6pubmed: 16728076google scholar: lookup
              3. Castillo-Olivares J, Wieringa R, Bakonyi T, de Vries AA, Davis-Poynter NJ, Rottier PJ. Generation of a candidate live marker vaccine for equine arteritis virus by deletion of the major virus neutralization domain. J Virol 2003 Aug;77(15):8470-80.
                doi: 10.1128/jvi.77.15.8470-8480.2003pubmed: 12857916google scholar: lookup
              4. Kheyar A, St-Laurent G, Diouri M, Archambault D. Nucleotide sequence and genetic analysis of the leader region of Canadian, American and European equine arteritis virus isolates. Can J Vet Res 1998 Jul;62(3):224-30.
                pubmed: 9684053
              5. Kheyar A, Martin S, St-Laurent G, Timoney PJ, McCollum WH, Archambault D. Expression cloning and humoral immune response to the nucleocapsid and membrane proteins of equine arteritis virus. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 1997 Nov;4(6):648-52.
                doi: 10.1128/cdli.4.6.648-652.1997pubmed: 9384283google scholar: lookup
              6. St-Laurent G, Lepage N, Carman S, Archambault D. Genetic and amino acid analysis of the GL protein of Canadian, American and European equine arteritis virus isolates. Can J Vet Res 1997 Jan;61(1):72-6.
                pubmed: 9008807
              7. Lepage N, St-Laurent G, Carman S, Archambault D. Comparison of nucleic and amino acid sequences and phylogenetic analysis of the Gs protein of various equine arteritis virus isolates. Virus Genes 1996;13(1):87-91.
                doi: 10.1007/BF00576983pubmed: 8938984google scholar: lookup
              8. Sekiguchi K, Sugita S, Fukunaga Y, Kondo T, Wada R, Kamada M, Yamaguchi S. Detection of equine arteritis virus (EAV) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and differentiation of EAV strains by restriction enzyme analysis of PCR products. Arch Virol 1995;140(8):1483-91.
                doi: 10.1007/BF01322675pubmed: 7661700google scholar: lookup
              9. Chirnside ED, Francis PM, de Vries AA, Sinclair R, Mumford JA. Development and evaluation of an ELISA using recombinant fusion protein to detect the presence of host antibody to equine arteritis virus. J Virol Methods 1995 Jul;54(1):1-13.
                doi: 10.1016/0166-0934(95)00020-upubmed: 7559853google scholar: lookup
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