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Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire1997; 61(3); 173-181;

Utilization of both phenotypic and molecular analyses to investigate an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Salmonella anatum in horses.

Abstract: Phenotypic and molecular techniques, including antimicrobial susceptibility testing, plasmid analysis, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were used to characterize 15 isolates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella anatum cultured during a 16 mo period from horses and a veterinary clinic environment. The isolates were resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents and could be placed into 4 groups based on their antimicrobial resistance patterns. The isolates contained multiple plasmids ranging in size from 2 to > 100 kb that could be grouped into 3 different plasmid profile patterns; these patterns did not correlate with the antimicrobial resistance groupings. Furthermore, antimicrobial resistance was conjugatively transferable. Digestion of genomic DNA from the 15 isolates with 3 different restriction endonucleases, SfiI, SpeI, and XbaI followed by PFGE revealed a highly conserved restriction endonuclease digestion pattern. In contrast, diverse banding patterns were observed with S. anatum obtained from other sources. These observations suggest that the MDR S. anatum isolates represent a common outbreak strain even though they possess different, albeit similar, antibiograms and plasmid profiles. The study showed that PFGE is a useful epidemiological tool for discriminating between unrelated and outbreak-related strains of S. anatum. In conclusion, epidemiological studies of outbreaks caused by MDR isolates of S. anatum should consist of both genotypic and phenotypic methods of analysis.
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Publication Date: 1997-07-01 PubMed ID: 9242996PubMed Central: PMC1189400
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  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article discusses how both phenotypic and molecular analyses were used to study an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Salmonella anatum in horses over a 16 month period. The researchers found that the Salmonella strains represented a common outbreak strain despite showing differing antibiograms and plasmid profiles.

Methods and Materials

In this study, the investigators:

  • Used phenotypic and molecular techniques to characterise 15 isolates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella anatum that were cultured in horses and a veterinary clinic over 16 months.
  • Performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing and categorised the isolates into four groups based on their resistance to antimicrobial agents and three groups depending on their plasmid profile patterns.
  • Found no correlation between antimicrobial resistance groupings and plasmid prrofile patterns.
  • Established that antimicrobial resistance was transferable.
  • Used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to reveal the genomic DNA of the 15 isolates, following the digestion of the DNA with three different restriction endonucleases (SfiI, SpeI, and XbaI).

Findings

From their study, the researchers obtained the following findings;

  • The MDR S. anatum isolates possessed distinct, but comparable, antibiograms and plasmid profiles, suggesting that they are part of a common outbreak strain.
  • Conversely, S. anatum strains obtained from different sources demonstrated diverse banding patterns.
  • The use of PFGE was instrumental in distinguishing between unrelated and outbreak-related S. anatum strains, confirming its utility as an epidemiological tool for this purpose.

Conclusion

The study concludes that in order to effectively investigate outbreaks caused by MDR isolates of S. anatum, a combination of both genotypic (molecular) and phenotypic methods of analysis should be used. By doing so, such studies can gain a comprehensive understanding of the strains involved, their transmission, and their resistance to antimicrobial agents. This could potentially allow for more effective treatments and control measures to be determined.

Cite This Article

APA
Hartmann FA, West SE. (1997). Utilization of both phenotypic and molecular analyses to investigate an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Salmonella anatum in horses. Can J Vet Res, 61(3), 173-181.

Publication

Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire
ISSN: 0830-9000
NlmUniqueID: 8607793
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 61
Issue: 3
Pages: 173-181

Researcher Affiliations

Hartmann, F A
  • Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706, USA.
West, S E

    MeSH Terms

    • Animals
    • DNA Restriction Enzymes
    • DNA, Bacterial / analysis
    • DNA, Bacterial / genetics
    • Disease Outbreaks / veterinary
    • Drug Resistance, Multiple / genetics
    • Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field / methods
    • Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field / veterinary
    • Genotype
    • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
    • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
    • Horse Diseases / microbiology
    • Horses
    • Phenotype
    • Plasmids
    • Salmonella / drug effects
    • Salmonella / genetics
    • Salmonella / isolation & purification
    • Salmonella Infections, Animal / diagnosis
    • Salmonella Infections, Animal / epidemiology
    • Salmonella Infections, Animal / microbiology

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    Citations

    This article has been cited 2 times.
    1. Tang S, Orsi RH, Luo H, Ge C, Zhang G, Baker RC, Stevenson A, Wiedmann M. Assessment and Comparison of Molecular Subtyping and Characterization Methods for Salmonella. Front Microbiol 2019;10:1591.
      doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01591pubmed: 31354679google scholar: lookup
    2. Kabir A, Lamichhane B, Habib T, Adams A, El-Sheikh Ali H, Slovis NM, Troedsson MHT, Helmy YA. Antimicrobial Resistance in Equines: A Growing Threat to Horse Health and Beyond-A Comprehensive Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024 Jul 29;13(8).
      doi: 10.3390/antibiotics13080713pubmed: 39200013google scholar: lookup
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