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Vaccine2006; 24(19); 4047-4061; doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.02.030

Vaccination against equine influenza: quid novi?

Abstract: Equine influenza virus is a leading cause of respiratory disease in the horse. Equine influenza vaccines containing inactivated virus were first developed in the 1960s. Despite their intensive use, equine influenza outbreaks still continue to occur and therefore new strategies of vaccination are necessary to improve vaccine efficacy. Numerous methods of vaccination have been evaluated and commercialised in the horse, the most recent being the cold-adapted influenza virus and poxvirus-based vaccines. As a large animal model, the horse is also a useful species in which to evaluate the potential of new generations of influenza vaccine such as live-attenuated influenza virus engineered by reverse genetics. This report details the equine immune responses conferring protection against influenza. It then undertakes a selective review of different strategies of vaccination against equine influenza that have been developed over the last two decades and discusses factors that may influence the efficacy of vaccination. Finally it outlines progress in the development of a novel vaccination strategy against equine influenza using reverse genetics.
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Publication Date: 2006-02-28 PubMed ID: 16545507DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.02.030Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article discusses the ongoing challenges in preventing equine influenza, a common respiratory disease in horses. It explores the limitations of current vaccination strategies and delves into the potential of novel vaccination methods, including live-attenuated influenza virus produced by reverse genetics.

Understanding Equine Influenza and the Need for Effective Vaccination

  • The study begins by recognizing equine influenza as a prominent cause of respiratory disease among horses. Despite having vaccines that contain deactivated viruses developed as early as the 1960s, outbreaks of the disease still occur. This scenario underlines the need for more efficient vaccination strategies.
  • The horse serves as a large animal model for studying potential improvements to influenza vaccines, making advancements in this field relevant to broader virology research.
  • The research outlines the immune responses in horses that provide protection against influenza, providing necessary context for evaluating the efficacy of different vaccination methods.

Evaluating Different Vaccination Strategies against Equine Influenza

  • The paper then moves on to review the various vaccination methods that have been explored and brought to market for horses. These include the recent cold-adapted influenza virus and poxvirus-based vaccines.
  • These innovative vaccination strategies are evaluated for their potential effectiveness against equine influenza. The discussion also considers factors that may influence the efficacy of these vaccination strategies, offering a more comprehensive view of the challenges and opportunities in improving equine influenza prevention.

Prospects of a Novel Vaccination Strategy Using Reverse Genetics

  • Finally, the article provides an overview of progress in the development of a unique vaccination strategy for equine influenza that uses reverse genetics.
  • This method involves creating a live-attenuated (weakened) influenza virus, which could potentially provide a more robust and longer-lasting immune response against the disease. This novel approach represents a promising avenue for improving equine influenza vaccination and could also have implications for human influenza vaccines.

Cite This Article

APA
Paillot R, Hannant D, Kydd JH, Daly JM. (2006). Vaccination against equine influenza: quid novi? Vaccine, 24(19), 4047-4061. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.02.030

Publication

Vaccine
ISSN: 0264-410X
NlmUniqueID: 8406899
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 24
Issue: 19
Pages: 4047-4061

Researcher Affiliations

Paillot, R
  • Animal Health Trust, Centre for Preventive Medicine, Lanwades Park, Newmarket, Suffolk CB8 7UU, UK. romain.paillot@aht.org.uk
Hannant, D
    Kydd, J H
      Daly, J M

        MeSH Terms

        • Age Factors
        • Animals
        • Antibodies, Viral / biosynthesis
        • Female
        • Genetic Vectors
        • Horse Diseases / immunology
        • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
        • Horses
        • Immunity, Cellular
        • Immunity, Maternally-Acquired
        • Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / classification
        • Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / genetics
        • Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / immunology
        • Influenza Vaccines / genetics
        • Influenza Vaccines / pharmacology
        • Models, Immunological
        • Molecular Epidemiology
        • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / immunology
        • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / prevention & control
        • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary
        • Pregnancy
        • Vaccines, Attenuated / pharmacology
        • Vaccines, DNA / genetics
        • Vaccines, DNA / pharmacology
        • Vaccines, Inactivated / pharmacology
        • Vaccines, Subunit / genetics
        • Vaccines, Subunit / pharmacology
        • Vaccines, Synthetic / genetics
        • Vaccines, Synthetic / pharmacology

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