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Open veterinary journal2023; 13(5); 569-575; doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.9

Variation in palmaromedial articulations of carpometacarpal joints in Thoroughbred and Standardbred racehorses.

Abstract: Carpal conformation is an important factor in relation to joint soundness. The equine carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) was reported to have variations in its three palmaromedial articulations. Lacking one or more of these articulations has not been radiographically evaluated in Thoroughbred (TB) and Standardbred (SB) racehorses. The study aimed to identify the prevalence of the variation in the palmaromedial articulation of the carpometacarpal joint (PM-CMCJ) in TB and SB horses. Additionally, to detect the probability of having each of the three articulations within and between the breeds. Finally, to establish an anatomical description for the different patterns of the articulations in these horses. 313 dorsopalmar radiographs from 174 horses (117 TB and 57 SB) were used. Three articulations at PM-CMCJ were evaluated based on their presence or absence: the articulations between the second and third carpal bones (C2-C3), the second carpal-second metacarpal (C2-Mc2), and the second and third metacarpal (Mc2-Mc3) bones. The probability of each articulation was determined in the breeds. Depending on the presence/absence of one or more of these articulations in each horse, each group of horses that had the same patterns of articulation was gathered into one category. Prevalence of variation in articulations of PM-CMCJ was identified in about 28% of the horses. SB showed a higher variation than TB throughout the comparisons. C2-C3 articulation was significantly the most common articulation, especially in TB (98%). The most common pattern of articulations (73%) was found in category I, which had three articulations whereas three horses grouped in category VI had no palmaromedial articulations. The variations in the articulations of PM-CMCJ in TB and SB racehorse might show a breed association. C2-C3 articulation was considerably the most frequent feature and category I was the common pattern of articulations in PM-CMCJ. The potential clinical effects of the varied patterns of the articulations require investigation.
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Publication Date: 2023-05-10 PubMed ID: 37304598PubMed Central: PMC10257447DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.9Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study explores the variation in a specific joint articulation in the legs of Thoroughbred and Standardbred racehorses. The researchers analysed radiographs from 174 horses and found some significant differences in joint formation, with 28% of the horses showing variations. Notably, the Thoroughbreds more often had a specific type of articulation, and the most common pattern of articulation was found in almost three-quarters of the horses.

Methodology and Purpose

  • The research aimed to identify the prevalence of variation in the palmaromedial articulation of the carpometacarpal joint (a particular joint in a horse’s leg, referred to as PM-CMCJ) in Thoroughbred and Standardbred horses.
  • They sought to determine the likelihood of each of the three specific articulations occurring within and between these two popular breeds.
  • The study additionally aimed to describe anatomically different patterns of articulation seen in these horses.
  • A total of 313 radiographs taken from the dorsopalmar (back-to-front) view of 174 horses (117 Thoroughbreds and 57 Standardbreds) were analysed for this study.

Findings

  • The articulations studied included those between the second and third carpal bones (C2-C3), the second carpal-second metacarpal (C2-Mc2), and the second and third metacarpal (Mc2-Mc3) bones.
  • Around 28% of the horses studied showed variation in these articulations, with Standardbreds showing higher variation than Thoroughbreds.
  • Of the three kinds of articulation, the C2-C3 was found to be the most common, particularly in Thoroughbreds, where it was present in 98% of the horses.
  • The most common overall pattern of articulation present in 73% of horses was having all three articulations present.
  • The study identified six categories of articulation patterns, ranging from having all three articulations to having none.

Implications and Conclusions

  • The study concluded that there are significant variations in the PM-CMCJ articulations seen in both Thoroughbred and Standardbred horses.
  • A breed association may be inferred from this variation – certain types of articulation may be more common in one breed than the other.
  • The clinical effects of these varied patterns of articulation are currently unknown and therefore warrant further research.

Cite This Article

APA
Oheida AH, Shalgum AA, Alrtib AM, Booker AO, Ben-Naser KM, Davies HMS. (2023). Variation in palmaromedial articulations of carpometacarpal joints in Thoroughbred and Standardbred racehorses. Open Vet J, 13(5), 569-575. https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.9

Publication

Open veterinary journal
ISSN: 2218-6050
NlmUniqueID: 101653182
Country: Libya
Language: English
Volume: 13
Issue: 5
Pages: 569-575

Researcher Affiliations

Oheida, Aiman H
  • Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya.
Shalgum, Aiman A
  • Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya.
Alrtib, Abdulrhman M
  • Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya.
Booker, Ali O
  • Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya.
Ben-Naser, Khaled M
  • Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya.
Davies, Helen M S
  • Department of Veterinary BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Carpometacarpal Joints / anatomy & histology
  • Horses / anatomy & histology

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

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