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Frontiers in veterinary science2022; 9; 920080; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.920080

Variations in the fecal microbiota and their functions of Thoroughbred, Mongolian, and Hybrid horses.

Abstract: The horse gut is colonized by a rich and complex microbial community that has important roles in horse physiology, metabolism, nutrition, and immune functions. Fewer across-breed variations in horse gut microbial diversity have been illustrated. In this article, the gut microbiota of Thoroughbred, Mongolian, and Hybrid horses [first filial generation (F1) of Mongolian (maternal) and Thoroughbred (paternal)] were studied by second-generation high-throughput sequencing technology. Differences in gut microbiota composition and function between breeds were determined using diversity and functional prediction analysis. The alpha diversity analysis showed that Thoroughbred horses had a more abundant and diverse gut microbiota, while the diversity of gut microbiota in Hybrid horses was intermediate between Thoroughbred and Mongolian horses. Subsequent cluster analysis showed that Hybrid horses have a microbiota composition more similar to Mongolian horses. LEfSe analysis revealed that the bacterial biomarkers for Thoroughbred horses at the family level were Prevotellaceae, Rikenellaceae, Fibrobacteraceae, p_251_o5, Lactobacillaceae, and uncultured_bacterium_o_WCHB1_41; the bacterial biomarker for Mongolian horses was Planococcaceae; and the bacterial biomarkers for Hybrid horses were Moraxellaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Ruminococcaceae. The functional prediction results indicated that the metabolic pathways differ significantly between the breeds. Regarding metabolism, the Hybrid horses had the lowest proportion of the carbohydrate metabolic pathways, while the energy metabolic pathway had the highest proportion. The abundance ratios of the remaining eight metabolic pathways in Hybrid horses were between Thoroughbred and Mongolian horses. In conclusion, the results of this study showed an association between horse breeds and gut microbiota.
Copyright © 2022 Wen, Luo, Lv, Jia, Zhou, Zhai, Xi and Yang.
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Publication Date: 2022-07-28 PubMed ID: 35968025PubMed Central: PMC9366519DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.920080Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article presents a comparative study of the diversity and function of gut microbiota in three different horse breeds: Thoroughbred, Mongolian, and Hybrid.

Study Design and Methodology

  • The researchers studied the gut microbiota of Thoroughbred, Mongolian, and hybrid horses using second-generation high-throughput sequencing technology. The Hybrid horses were the first filial generation of Mongolian (maternal) and Thoroughbred (paternal).
  • The aim was to identify differences in gut microbiota composition and function between breeds, using diversity and functional prediction analysis.

Findings on Gut Microbiota Diversity

  • The alpha diversity analysis showed variations in the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota across the three horse breeds.
  • Thoroughbred horses showed the greatest abundance and diversity in gut microbiota.
  • Hybrid horses presented an intermediate level of gut microbiota diversity, falling between that of Thoroughbred and Mongolian horses.
  • Cluster analysis indicated that Hybrid horses have a microbiota composition more similar to Mongolian horses.

Identified Bacterial Biomarkers

  • The study identified specific bacterial biomarkers at the family level for each horse breed using LEfSe analysis.
  • For Thoroughbred horses, the bacterial biomarkers were Prevotellaceae, Rikenellaceae, Fibrobacteraceae, p_251_o5, Lactobacillaceae, and uncultured_bacterium_o_WCHB1_41.
  • The bacterial biomarker for Mongolian horses was Planococcaceae.
  • For Hybrid horses, the bacterial biomarkers were Moraxellaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Ruminococcaceae.

Functional Prediction Results

  • The study reflected significant differences in metabolic pathways of the gut microbiota between the different horse breeds.
  • The Hybrid horses demonstrated the lowest proportion of carbohydrate metabolic pathways, and the highest proportion of energy metabolic pathways.
  • The abundance ratios of the eight other assessed metabolic pathways in Hybrid horses fell between those of Thoroughbred and Mongolian horses.

Conclusion

  • The study concluded by establishing an association between the breed of the horse and the composition and functionality of its gut microbiota. It suggests that breed differences can impact the diversity and function of the equine gut microbiome, adding another layer to our understanding of equine physiology, metabolism, nutrition, and immune functions.

Cite This Article

APA
Wen X, Luo S, Lv D, Jia C, Zhou X, Zhai Q, Xi L, Yang C. (2022). Variations in the fecal microbiota and their functions of Thoroughbred, Mongolian, and Hybrid horses. Front Vet Sci, 9, 920080. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.920080

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 9
Pages: 920080

Researcher Affiliations

Wen, Xiaohui
  • Institute of Animal Health, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
Luo, Shengjun
  • Institute of Animal Health, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
Lv, Dianhong
  • Institute of Animal Health, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
Jia, Chunling
  • Institute of Animal Health, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
Zhou, Xiurong
  • Institute of Animal Health, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
Zhai, Qi
  • Institute of Animal Health, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
Xi, Li
  • Department of Animal Science, College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China.
Yang, Caijuan
  • National S&T Innovation Center for Modern Agricultural Industry, Guangzhou, China.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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