English
French
A Multiomic Approach to Investigate the Effects of a Weight Loss Program on the Intestinal Health of Overweight Horses.
Abstract: Obesity is endemic in human populations in the western society, and with mounting evidence that the intestinal ecological environment plays a major role in its pathogenesis, identification of therapies based on intestinal microbiota modulation are gaining attention. Obesity in companion animals is also a common clinical problem. We set out using a multidimensional approach, to determine the effectiveness and safety of a weight loss program for horses incorporating diet restriction and exercise. In addition, we aimed to investigate the effect of this program on the overall intestinal health of overweight sedentary horses. The investigation comprised of a randomized, controlled, 6-week study of 14 overweight sedentary horses and ponies who were blocked for age, gender, and breed (controls = 7, treatment = 7). The treatment group were fed a restricted diet (1.4% of body weight dry matter intake) and the control group a maintenance diet (2% of body weight as dry matter intake) over the study period. The treatment group were subjected to a prescribed exercise regime, while the control group were exercised to mimic foraging conditions. Several clinical measurements were taken at the start and end of the study, including morphological parameters, ultrasound measurements of subcutaneous fat, and blood pressure. Fecal microbiota analysis was performed using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, and fecal metabolome was analyzed using NMR spectroscopy, on samples taken at weeks 1, 3, and 6 of the study. All horses completed the study period successfully. However, two of the treatment group had to have modified exercise regimes. The treatment group showed significant weight loss ( < 0.00001) and an associated decrease in waste circumference ( < 0.0001) when compared with the control group. The alpha-diversity of the fecal microbiota in the treatment group showed a significant increase from the start to the end of the study period ( < 0.05); however, there was no significant difference between groups at any sampling point. There were significant changes ( < 0.05) in the metabolome in both groups between the start and end of the study, but not between groups at any sampling point. Finally, the resting blood pressure of all horses was significantly lower by the end of the study.
Copyright © 2021 Walshe, Cabrera-Rubio, Collins, Puggioni, Gath, Crispie, Cotter, Brennan, Mulcahy and Duggan.
Publication Date: 2021-06-18 PubMed ID: 34222398PubMed Central: PMC8249564DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.668120Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research focuses on analyzing the impacts of a diet and exercise program geared towards aiding weight loss in overweight horses, by observing changes both in their physical attributes and intestinal microbiota over a six-week study period.
Objective and Methodology
The researchers aimed to study the effectiveness, safety and the overall impact of a weight loss program on overweight sedentary horses. The methodology incorporated a multidimensional approach:
- The study was randomized, controlled, and lasted for six weeks.
- It involved 14 overweight sedentary horses and ponies divided into two groups – control (7 horses) and treatment (7 horses).
- The treatment group were subjected to a prescribed diet restriction (1.4% of body weight) and an exercise regime. In contrast, the control group were allowed a maintenance diet (2% of body weight) and exercise mimicking natural foraging conditions.
Clinical Measurements and Analysis
In order to provide comprehensive insights into the impact of the weight loss program, several clinical measurements and analyses were undertaken:
- Morphological parameters, ultrasound measurements of subcutaneous fat, and blood pressure were recorded at the start and at the end of the study.
- Fecal microbiota analysis was performed using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis in weeks 1, 3, and 6 of the study.
- The fecal metabolome was analyzed through NMR spectroscopy on samples taken at the same time.
Results and Conclusions
The study yielded notable findings and implications in terms of weight loss and health improvement in the horses:
- All participating horses successfully completed the study, albeit with modifications in exercise regimes for two horses from the treatment group.
- Significant weight loss and decreased waist circumference were observed in the treatment group as compared to the control group.
- The diversity of the fecal microbiota in the treatment group showed a significant increase from the start to the end of the study period, suggesting improved intestinal health.
- However, there was no significant difference between the control and the treatment groups at any specific sampling point, whether in terms of microbiota diversity or metabolome changes.
- Lastly, the resting blood pressure of all horses significantly decreased by the end of the study.
Overall, the study reflects the positive impact of a controlled weight loss program on both the physical and intestinal health of overweight horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Walshe N, Cabrera-Rubio R, Collins R, Puggioni A, Gath V, Crispie F, Cotter PD, Brennan L, Mulcahy G, Duggan V.
(2021).
A Multiomic Approach to Investigate the Effects of a Weight Loss Program on the Intestinal Health of Overweight Horses.
Front Vet Sci, 8, 668120.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.668120 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland.
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland.
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland.
- VistaMilk, Cork, Ireland.
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Conway Institute, UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
References
This article includes 95 references
- Imes CC, Burke LE. The Obesity Epidemic: The United States as a Cautionary Tale for the Rest of the World.. Curr Epidemiol Rep 2014 Jun 1;1(2):82-88.
- Finucane MM, Stevens GA, Cowan MJ, Danaei G, Lin JK, Paciorek CJ, Singh GM, Gutierrez HR, Lu Y, Bahalim AN, Farzadfar F, Riley LM, Ezzati M. National, regional, and global trends in body-mass index since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 960 country-years and 9u00b71 million participants.. Lancet 2011 Feb 12;377(9765):557-67.
- Ng M, Fleming T, Robinson M, Thomson B, Graetz N, Margono C, Mullany EC, Biryukov S, Abbafati C, Abera SF, Abraham JP, Abu-Rmeileh NM, Achoki T, AlBuhairan FS, Alemu ZA, Alfonso R, Ali MK, Ali R, Guzman NA, Ammar W, Anwari P, Banerjee A, Barquera S, Basu S, Bennett DA, Bhutta Z, Blore J, Cabral N, Nonato IC, Chang JC, Chowdhury R, Courville KJ, Criqui MH, Cundiff DK, Dabhadkar KC, Dandona L, Davis A, Dayama A, Dharmaratne SD, Ding EL, Durrani AM, Esteghamati A, Farzadfar F, Fay DF, Feigin VL, Flaxman A, Forouzanfar MH, Goto A, Green MA, Gupta R, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hankey GJ, Harewood HC, Havmoeller R, Hay S, Hernandez L, Husseini A, Idrisov BT, Ikeda N, Islami F, Jahangir E, Jassal SK, Jee SH, Jeffreys M, Jonas JB, Kabagambe EK, Khalifa SE, Kengne AP, Khader YS, Khang YH, Kim D, Kimokoti RW, Kinge JM, Kokubo Y, Kosen S, Kwan G, Lai T, Leinsalu M, Li Y, Liang X, Liu S, Logroscino G, Lotufo PA, Lu Y, Ma J, Mainoo NK, Mensah GA, Merriman TR, Mokdad AH, Moschandreas J, Naghavi M, Naheed A, Nand D, Narayan KM, Nelson EL, Neuhouser ML, Nisar MI, Ohkubo T, Oti SO, Pedroza A, Prabhakaran D, Roy N, Sampson U, Seo H, Sepanlou SG, Shibuya K, Shiri R, Shiue I, Singh GM, Singh JA, Skirbekk V, Stapelberg NJ, Sturua L, Sykes BL, Tobias M, Tran BX, Trasande L, Toyoshima H, van de Vijver S, Vasankari TJ, Veerman JL, Velasquez-Melendez G, Vlassov VV, Vollset SE, Vos T, Wang C, Wang X, Weiderpass E, Werdecker A, Wright JL, Yang YC, Yatsuya H, Yoon J, Yoon SJ, Zhao Y, Zhou M, Zhu S, Lopez AD, Murray CJ, Gakidou E. Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.. Lancet 2014 Aug 30;384(9945):766-81.
- Stephenson HM, Green MJ, Freeman SL. Prevalence of obesity in a population of horses in the UK.. Vet Rec 2011 Feb 5;168(5):131.
- Thatcher CD, Pleasant RS, Geor RJ, Elvinger F, Negrin KA, Franklin J, et al. . Prevalence of obesity in mature horses: an equine body condition study. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr. (2008) 92:222. 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2007.00789_8.x
- Wyse CA, McNie KA, Tannahill VJ, Murray JK, Love S. Prevalence of obesity in riding horses in Scotland.. Vet Rec 2008 May 3;162(18):590-1.
- Robin CA, Ireland JL, Wylie CE, Collins SN, Verheyen KL, Newton JR. Prevalence of and risk factors for equine obesity in Great Britain based on owner-reported body condition scores.. Equine Vet J 2015 Mar;47(2):196-201.
- Fernandes KA, Rogers CW, Gee EK, Bolwell CF, Thomas DG. Body condition and morphometric measures of adiposity in a cohort of Pony Club horses and ponies in New Zealand. In: Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production, Dunedin (2015). p. 195u20139.
- Guh DP, Zhang W, Bansback N, Amarsi Z, Birmingham CL, Anis AH. The incidence of co-morbidities related to obesity and overweight: a systematic review and meta-analysis.. BMC Public Health 2009 Mar 25;9:88.
- Durham AE, Frank N, McGowan CM, Menzies-Gow NJ, Roelfsema E, Vervuert I, Feige K, Fey K. Response to letter to editor regarding ECEIM consensus statement on equine metabolic syndrome.. J Vet Intern Med 2019 May;33(3):1125-1126.
- Asplin KE, Sillence MN, Pollitt CC, McGowan CM. Induction of laminitis by prolonged hyperinsulinaemia in clinically normal ponies.. Vet J 2007 Nov;174(3):530-5.
- de Laat MA, McGowan CM, Sillence MN, Pollitt CC. Equine laminitis: induced by 48 h hyperinsulinaemia in Standardbred horses.. Equine Vet J 2010 Mar;42(2):129-35.
- Hunt RJ. A retrospective evaluation of laminitis in horses.. Equine Vet J 1993 Jan;25(1):61-4.
- Frank N, Elliott SB, Brandt LE, Keisler DH. Physical characteristics, blood hormone concentrations, and plasma lipid concentrations in obese horses with insulin resistance.. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2006 May 1;228(9):1383-90.
- Heliczer N, Gerber V, Bruckmaier R, van der Kolk JH, de Solis CN. Cardiovascular findings in ponies with equine metabolic syndrome.. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2017 May 1;250(9):1027-1035.
- Castaner O, Goday A, Park YM, Lee SH, Magkos F, Shiow STE, Schru00f6der H. The Gut Microbiome Profile in Obesity: A Systematic Review.. Int J Endocrinol 2018;2018:4095789.
- Morrison PK, Newbold CJ, Jones E, Worgan HJ, Grove-White DH, Dugdale AH, Barfoot C, Harris PA, Argo CM. The Equine Gastrointestinal Microbiome: Impacts of Age and Obesity.. Front Microbiol 2018;9:3017.
- Biddle AS, Tomb JF, Fan Z. Microbiome and Blood Analyte Differences Point to Community and Metabolic Signatures in Lean and Obese Horses.. Front Vet Sci 2018;5:225.
- Elzinga SE, Weese JS, Adams AA. Comparison of the fecal microbiota in horses with equine metabolic syndrome and metabolically normal controls fed a similar all-forage diet. J Equine Vet Sci. (2016) 44:9u201316. 10.1016/j.jevs.2016.05.010
- Bamford NJ, Potter SJ, Baskerville CL, Harris PA, Bailey SR. Influence of dietary restriction and low-intensity exercise on weight loss and insulin sensitivity in obese equids.. J Vet Intern Med 2019 Jan;33(1):280-286.
- Henneke DR, Potter GD, Kreider JL, Yeates BF. Relationship between condition score, physical measurements and body fat percentage in mares.. Equine Vet J 1983 Oct;15(4):371-2.
- Obel N. Studies on the Histopathology of Acute Laminitis Uppsala: Almqvist & Wiksells; (1948).
- Carter RA, Geor RJ, Burton Staniar W, Cubitt TA, Harris PA. Apparent adiposity assessed by standardised scoring systems and morphometric measurements in horses and ponies.. Vet J 2009 Feb;179(2):204-10.
- Siegers EW, de Ruijter-Villani M, van Doorn DA, Stout TAE, Roelfsema E. Ultrasonographic measurements of localized fat accumulation in Shetland pony mares fed a normal v. a high energy diet for 2 years.. Animal 2018 Aug;12(8):1602-1610.
- Stewart HL, Pitta D, Indugu N, Vecchiarelli B, Engiles JB, Southwood LL. Characterization of the fecal microbiota of healthy horses.. Am J Vet Res 2018 Aug;79(8):811-819.
- Walshe N, Duggan V, Cabrera-Rubio R, Crispie F, Cotter P, Feehan O, Mulcahy G. Removal of adult cyathostomins alters faecal microbiota and promotes an inflammatory phenotype in horses.. Int J Parasitol 2019 May;49(6):489-500.
- Schmieder R, Edwards R. Quality control and preprocessing of metagenomic datasets.. Bioinformatics 2011 Mar 15;27(6):863-4.
- Aronesty E. Comparison of sequencing utility programs. Open Bioinforma J. (2013) 7:1u20138. 10.2174/1875036201307010001
- Edgar RC. Search and clustering orders of magnitude faster than BLAST.. Bioinformatics 2010 Oct 1;26(19):2460-1.
- Cole JR, Chai B, Farris RJ, Wang Q, Kulam SA, McGarrell DM, Garrity GM, Tiedje JM. The Ribosomal Database Project (RDP-II): sequences and tools for high-throughput rRNA analysis.. Nucleic Acids Res 2005 Jan 1;33(Database issue):D294-6.
- McMurdie PJ, Holmes S. phyloseq: an R package for reproducible interactive analysis and graphics of microbiome census data.. PLoS One 2013;8(4):e61217.
- Gonzu00e1lez I, Cao KA, Davis MJ, Du00e9jean S. Visualising associations between paired 'omics' data sets.. BioData Min 2012 Nov 13;5(1):19.
- O'Sullivan V, Madrid-Gambin F, Alegra T, Gibbons H, Brennan L. Impact of Sample Storage on the NMR Fecal Water Metabolome.. ACS Omega 2018 Dec 31;3(12):16585-16590.
- Oksanen J, Kindt R, O' B, Maintainer H. The vegan Package Title Community Ecology Package. (2005). Available online at: http://cc.oulu.fi/~jarioksa/ (accessed Jul 6, 2020)
- Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y. Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. J R Stat Soc Ser B. (1995) 57:289u2013300. 10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x
- Larsen JA, Villaverde C. Scope of the Problem and Perception by Owners and Veterinarians.. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2016 Sep;46(5):761-72.
- Komaroff M. For Researchers on Obesity: Historical Review of Extra Body Weight Definitions.. J Obes 2016;2016:2460285.
- Freestone JF, Beadle R, Shoemaker K, Bessin RT, Wolfsheimer KJ, Church C. Improved insulin sensitivity in hyperinsulinaemic ponies through physical conditioning and controlled feed intake.. Equine Vet J 1992 May;24(3):187-90.
- Ungru J, Blu00fcher M, Coenen M, Raila J, Boston R, Vervuert I. Effects of body weight reduction on blood adipokines and subcutaneous adipose tissue adipokine mRNA expression profiles in obese ponies.. Vet Rec 2012 Nov 24;171(21):528.
- Schmengler U, Ungru J, Boston R, Coenen M, Vervuert I. Effects of l-carnitine supplementation on body weight losses and metabolic profile in obese and insulin-resistant ponies during a 14-week body weight reduction programme. Livest Sci. (2013) 155:301u20137. 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.04.019
- McGowan CM, Dugdale AH, Pinchbeck GL, Argo CM. Dietary restriction in combination with a nutraceutical supplement for the management of equine metabolic syndrome in horses.. Vet J 2013 May;196(2):153-9.
- Morgan RA, Keen JA, McGowan CM. Treatment of equine metabolic syndrome: A clinical case series.. Equine Vet J 2016 Jul;48(4):422-6.
- Moore JL, Siciliano PD, Pratt-Phillips SE. Effects of Diet Versus Exercise on Morphometric Measurements, Bloodu00a0Hormone Concentrations, and Oral Sugar Test Response inu00a0Obese Horses.. J Equine Vet Sci 2019 Jul;78:38-45.
- Carter RA, McCutcheon LJ, Valle E, Meilahn EN, Geor RJ. Effects of exercise training on adiposity, insulin sensitivity, and plasma hormone and lipid concentrations in overweight or obese, insulin-resistant horses.. Am J Vet Res 2010 Mar;71(3):314-21.
- Staub C, Venturi E, Cirot M, Lu00e9onard L, Barriu00e8re P, Blard T, Gaudu00e9 Y, Gascogne T, Yvon JM, Lecompte F, Ramu00e9 C, Reigner F, Dupont J. Ultrasonographic measures of body fatness and their relationship with plasma levels and adipose tissue expression of four adipokines in Welsh pony mares.. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2019 Oct;69:75-83.
- de Laat MA, Hampson BA, Sillence MN, Pollitt CC. Sustained, Low-Intensity Exercise Achieved by a Dynamic Feeding System Decreases Body Fat in Ponies.. J Vet Intern Med 2016 Sep;30(5):1732-1738.
- Cronin O, Barton W, Skuse P, Penney NC, Garcia-Perez I, Murphy EF, Woods T, Nugent H, Fanning A, Melgar S, Falvey EC, Holmes E, Cotter PD, O'Sullivan O, Molloy MG, Shanahan F. A Prospective Metagenomic and Metabolomic Analysis of the Impact of Exercise and/or Whey Protein Supplementation on the Gut Microbiome of Sedentary Adults.. mSystems 2018 May-Jun;3(3).
- Liu Z, Liu HY, Zhou H, Zhan Q, Lai W, Zeng Q, Ren H, Xu D. Moderate-Intensity Exercise Affects Gut Microbiome Composition and Influences Cardiac Function in Myocardial Infarction Mice.. Front Microbiol 2017;8:1687.
- Dugdale AH, Curtis GC, Cripps P, Harris PA, Argo CM. Effect of dietary restriction on body condition, composition and welfare of overweight and obese pony mares.. Equine Vet J 2010 Oct;42(7):600-10.
- Argo CM, Curtis GC, Grove-White D, Dugdale AH, Barfoot CF, Harris PA. Weight loss resistance: a further consideration for the nutritional management of obese Equidae.. Vet J 2012 Nov;194(2):179-88.
- Coleman MC, Whitfield-Cargile CM, Madrigal RG, Cohen ND. Comparison of the microbiome, metabolome, and lipidome of obese and non-obese horses.. PLoS One 2019;14(4):e0215918.
- Morrison PK, Newbold CJ, Jones E, Worgan HJ, Grove-White DH, Dugdale AH, Barfoot C, Harris PA, Argo CM. The equine gastrointestinal microbiome: impacts of weight-loss.. BMC Vet Res 2020 Mar 4;16(1):78.
- Dougal K, Harris PA, Girdwood SE, Creevey CJ, Curtis GC, Barfoot CF, Argo CM, Newbold CJ. Changes in the Total Fecal Bacterial Population in Individual Horses Maintained on a Restricted Diet Over 6 Weeks.. Front Microbiol 2017;8:1502.
- Costa MC, Silva G, Ramos RV, Staempfli HR, Arroyo LG, Kim P, Weese JS. Characterization and comparison of the bacterial microbiota in different gastrointestinal tract compartments in horses.. Vet J 2015 Jul;205(1):74-80.
- Dougal K, Harris PA, Edwards A, Pachebat JA, Blackmore TM, Worgan HJ, Newbold CJ. A comparison of the microbiome and the metabolome of different regions of the equine hindgut.. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2012 Dec;82(3):642-52.
- Coleman MC, Walzem RL, Kieffer AJ, Minamoto T, Suchodolski J, Cohen ND. Novel lipoprotein density profiling in laminitic, obese, and healthy horses.. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2019 Jul;68:92-99.
- O' Donnell MM, Harris HM, Jeffery IB, Claesson MJ, Younge B, O' Toole PW, Ross RP. The core faecal bacterial microbiome of Irish Thoroughbred racehorses.. Lett Appl Microbiol 2013 Dec;57(6):492-501.
- Ley RE, Turnbaugh PJ, Klein S, Gordon JI. Microbial ecology: human gut microbes associated with obesity.. Nature 2006 Dec 21;444(7122):1022-3.
- Schwiertz A, Taras D, Schu00e4fer K, Beijer S, Bos NA, Donus C, Hardt PD. Microbiota and SCFA in lean and overweight healthy subjects.. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2010 Jan;18(1):190-5.
- Jiao N, Baker SS, Nugent CA, Tsompana M, Cai L, Wang Y, Buck MJ, Genco RJ, Baker RD, Zhu R, Zhu L. Gut microbiome may contribute to insulin resistance and systemic inflammation in obese rodents: a meta-analysis.. Physiol Genomics 2018 Apr 1;50(4):244-254.
- Campbell SC, Wisniewski PJ, Noji M, McGuinness LR, Hu00e4ggblom MM, Lightfoot SA, Joseph LB, Kerkhof LJ. The Effect of Diet and Exercise on Intestinal Integrity and Microbial Diversity in Mice.. PLoS One 2016;11(3):e0150502.
- Petriz BA, Castro AP, Almeida JA, Gomes CP, Fernandes GR, Kruger RH, Pereira RW, Franco OL. Exercise induction of gut microbiota modifications in obese, non-obese and hypertensive rats.. BMC Genomics 2014 Jun 21;15(1):511.
- Costa MC, Arroyo LG, Allen-Vercoe E, Stu00e4mpfli HR, Kim PT, Sturgeon A, Weese JS. Comparison of the fecal microbiota of healthy horses and horses with colitis by high throughput sequencing of the V3-V5 region of the 16S rRNA gene.. PLoS One 2012;7(7):e41484.
- Weese JS, Holcombe SJ, Embertson RM, Kurtz KA, Roessner HA, Jalali M, Wismer SE. Changes in the faecal microbiota of mares precede the development of post partum colic.. Equine Vet J 2015 Nov;47(6):641-9.
- Naderpoor N, Mousa A, Gomez-Arango LF, Barrett HL, Dekker Nitert M, de Courten B. Faecal Microbiota Are Related to Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion in Overweight or Obese Adults.. J Clin Med 2019 Apr 4;8(4).
- Peters BA, Shapiro JA, Church TR, Miller G, Trinh-Shevrin C, Yuen E, Friedlander C, Hayes RB, Ahn J. A taxonomic signature of obesity in a large study of American adults.. Sci Rep 2018 Jun 27;8(1):9749.
- Liu R, Hong J, Xu X, Feng Q, Zhang D, Gu Y, Shi J, Zhao S, Liu W, Wang X, Xia H, Liu Z, Cui B, Liang P, Xi L, Jin J, Ying X, Wang X, Zhao X, Li W, Jia H, Lan Z, Li F, Wang R, Sun Y, Yang M, Shen Y, Jie Z, Li J, Chen X, Zhong H, Xie H, Zhang Y, Gu W, Deng X, Shen B, Xu X, Yang H, Xu G, Bi Y, Lai S, Wang J, Qi L, Madsen L, Wang J, Ning G, Kristiansen K, Wang W. Gut microbiome and serum metabolome alterations in obesity and after weight-loss intervention.. Nat Med 2017 Jul;23(7):859-868.
- Chu00e1vez-Carbajal A, Nirmalkar K, Pu00e9rez-Lizaur A, Hernu00e1ndez-Quiroz F, Ramu00edrez-Del-Alto S, Garcu00eda-Mena J, Hernu00e1ndez-Guerrero C. Gut Microbiota and Predicted Metabolic Pathways in a Sample of Mexican Women Affected by Obesity and Obesity Plus Metabolic Syndrome.. Int J Mol Sci 2019 Jan 21;20(2).
- Kasai C, Sugimoto K, Moritani I, Tanaka J, Oya Y, Inoue H, Tameda M, Shiraki K, Ito M, Takei Y, Takase K. Comparison of the gut microbiota composition between obese and non-obese individuals in a Japanese population, as analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and next-generation sequencing.. BMC Gastroenterol 2015 Aug 11;15:100.
- Nagano T, Yano H. Dietary cellulose nanofiber modulates obesity and gut microbiota in high-fat-fed mice. Bioact Carbohydrates Diet Fibre. (2020) 22:100214. 10.1016/j.bcdf.2020.100214
- Moreno-Indias I, Su00e1nchez-Alcoholado L, Garcu00eda-Fuentes E, Cardona F, Queipo-Ortuu00f1o MI, Tinahones FJ. Insulin resistance is associated with specific gut microbiota in appendix samples from morbidly obese patients.. Am J Transl Res 2016;8(12):5672-5684.
- Ley RE, Lozupone CA, Hamady M, Knight R, Gordon JI. Worlds within worlds: evolution of the vertebrate gut microbiota.. Nat Rev Microbiol 2008 Oct;6(10):776-88.
- Willing B, Vu00f6ru00f6s A, Roos S, Jones C, Jansson A, Lindberg JE. Changes in faecal bacteria associated with concentrate and forage-only diets fed to horses in training.. Equine Vet J 2009 Dec;41(9):908-14.
- Kristoffersen C, Jensen RB, Avershina E, Austbu00f8 D, Tauson AH, Rudi K. Diet-Dependent Modular Dynamic Interactions of the Equine Cecal Microbiota.. Microbes Environ 2016 Dec 23;31(4):378-386.
- Gerstner K, Liesegang A. Effect of a montmorillonite-bentonite-based product on faecal parameters of horses.. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018 Apr;102 Suppl 1:43-46.
- Sekelja M, Berget I, Nu00e6s T, Rudi K. Unveiling an abundant core microbiota in the human adult colon by a phylogroup-independent searching approach.. ISME J 2011 Mar;5(3):519-31.
- Blackmore TM, Dugdale A, Argo CM, Curtis G, Pinloche E, Harris PA, Worgan HJ, Girdwood SE, Dougal K, Newbold CJ, McEwan NR. Strong stability and host specific bacterial community in faeces of ponies.. PLoS One 2013;8(9):e75079.
- Turnbaugh PJ, Hamady M, Yatsunenko T, Cantarel BL, Duncan A, Ley RE, Sogin ML, Jones WJ, Roe BA, Affourtit JP, Egholm M, Henrissat B, Heath AC, Knight R, Gordon JI. A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins.. Nature 2009 Jan 22;457(7228):480-4.
- Cotillard A, Kennedy SP, Kong LC, Prifti E, Pons N, Le Chatelier E, Almeida M, Quinquis B, Levenez F, Galleron N, Gougis S, Rizkalla S, Batto JM, Renault P, Doru00e9 J, Zucker JD, Clu00e9ment K, Ehrlich SD. Dietary intervention impact on gut microbial gene richness.. Nature 2013 Aug 29;500(7464):585-8.
- Ott B, Skurk T, Hastreiter L, Lagkouvardos I, Fischer S, Bu00fcttner J, Kellerer T, Clavel T, Rychlik M, Haller D, Hauner H. Effect of caloric restriction on gut permeability, inflammation markers, and fecal microbiota in obese women.. Sci Rep 2017 Sep 20;7(1):11955.
- Warburton DE, Nicol CW, Bredin SS. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence.. CMAJ 2006 Mar 14;174(6):801-9.
- Lambert JE, Myslicki JP, Bomhof MR, Belke DD, Shearer J, Reimer RA. Exercise training modifies gut microbiota in normal and diabetic mice.. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2015 Jul;40(7):749-52.
- Estaki M, Pither J, Baumeister P, Little JP, Gill SK, Ghosh S, Ahmadi-Vand Z, Marsden KR, Gibson DL. Cardiorespiratory fitness as a predictor of intestinal microbial diversity and distinct metagenomic functions.. Microbiome 2016 Aug 8;4(1):42.
- Munukka E, Ahtiainen JP, Puigbu00f3 P, Jalkanen S, Pahkala K, Keskitalo A, Kujala UM, Pietilu00e4 S, Hollmu00e9n M, Elo L, Huovinen P, D'Auria G, Pekkala S. Six-Week Endurance Exercise Alters Gut Metagenome That Is not Reflected in Systemic Metabolism in Over-weight Women.. Front Microbiol 2018;9:2323.
- Allen JM, Mailing LJ, Niemiro GM, Moore R, Cook MD, White BA, Holscher HD, Woods JA. Exercise Alters Gut Microbiota Composition and Function in Lean and Obese Humans.. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018 Apr;50(4):747-757.
- Cani PD, Amar J, Iglesias MA, Poggi M, Knauf C, Bastelica D, Neyrinck AM, Fava F, Tuohy KM, Chabo C, Waget A, Delmu00e9e E, Cousin B, Sulpice T, Chamontin B, Ferriu00e8res J, Tanti JF, Gibson GR, Casteilla L, Delzenne NM, Alessi MC, Burcelin R. Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance.. Diabetes 2007 Jul;56(7):1761-72.
- Albert E, Walker J, Thiesen A, Churchill T, Madsen K. cis-Urocanic acid attenuates acute dextran sodium sulphate-induced intestinal inflammation.. PLoS One 2010 Oct 27;5(10):e13676.
- Kammeyer A, Peters CP, Meijer SL, Te Velde AA. Anti-inflammatory effects of urocanic Acid derivatives in models ex vivo and in vivo of inflammatory bowel disease.. ISRN Inflamm 2012;2012:898153.
- Louis P, Hold GL, Flint HJ. The gut microbiota, bacterial metabolites and colorectal cancer.. Nat Rev Microbiol 2014 Oct;12(10):661-72.
- Kim KA, Gu W, Lee IA, Joh EH, Kim DH. High fat diet-induced gut microbiota exacerbates inflammation and obesity in mice via the TLR4 signaling pathway.. PLoS One 2012;7(10):e47713.
- Simmons HA, Ford EJ. Gluconeogenesis from propionate produced in the colon of the horse.. Br Vet J 1991 Jul-Aug;147(4):340-5.
- Lin HV, Frassetto A, Kowalik EJ Jr, Nawrocki AR, Lu MM, Kosinski JR, Hubert JA, Szeto D, Yao X, Forrest G, Marsh DJ. Butyrate and propionate protect against diet-induced obesity and regulate gut hormones via free fatty acid receptor 3-independent mechanisms.. PLoS One 2012;7(4):e35240.
- El Hage R, Hernandez-Sanabria E, Calatayud Arroyo M, Props R, Van de Wiele T. Propionate-Producing Consortium Restores Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis in a Dynamic in vitro Model of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem.. Front Microbiol 2019;10:1206.
- Beserra BT, Fernandes R, do Rosario VA, Mocellin MC, Kuntz MG, Trindade EB. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prebiotics and synbiotics effects on glycaemia, insulin concentrations and lipid parameters in adult patients with overweight or obesity.. Clin Nutr 2015 Oct;34(5):845-58.
- Marotz CA, Zarrinpar A. Treating Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome with Fecal Microbiota Transplantation.. Yale J Biol Med 2016 Sep;89(3):383-388.
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Tuniyazi M, Wang W, Zhang N. A Systematic Review of Current Applications of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Horses.. Vet Sci 2023 Apr 13;10(4).
- Golding E, Al Ansari ASA, Sutton GA, Walshe N, Duggan V. Rate of obesity within a mixed-breed group of horses in Ireland and their owners' perceptions of body condition and useability of an equine body condition scoring scale.. Ir Vet J 2023 Apr 6;76(1):9.
- Chaucheyras-Durand F, Sacy A, Karges K, Apper E. Gastro-Intestinal Microbiota in Equines and Its Role in Health and Disease: The Black Box Opens.. Microorganisms 2022 Dec 19;10(12).
- Wen X, Luo S, Lv D, Jia C, Zhou X, Zhai Q, Xi L, Yang C. Variations in the fecal microbiota and their functions of Thoroughbred, Mongolian, and Hybrid horses.. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:920080.
Secure Payments
