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Procedia in vaccinology2011; 5; 127-136; doi: 10.1016/j.provac.2011.10.009

Veterinary Vaccines and Their Importance to Animal Health and Public Health.

Abstract: Veterinary vaccines have had, and continue to have, a major role in protecting animal health and public health, reducing animal suffering, enabling efficient production of food animals to feed the burgeoning human population, and greatly reducing the need for antibiotics to treat food and companion animals. Prominent examples include rabies vaccines and rinderpest vaccines. Rabies vaccines for domestic animals and wildlife have nearly eliminated human rabies in developed countries. Thanks to the Global Rinderpest Eradication Program which involves vaccination, trade restrictions, and surveillance, rinderpest may soon become only the second disease (after smallpox) to be globally eradicated. Successful examples of new technology animal vaccines that are licensed for use, include gene-deleted marker vaccines, virus-like-particle vaccines, recombinant modified live virus vaccines, chimeric vaccines, and DNA vaccines. Animal vaccines also use a wide variety of novel adjuvants that are not yet approved for use in human vaccines. Animal vaccines can be developed and licensed much more quickly than human vaccines. The West Nile virus was discovered in the United States in August 1999. By August 2001, an Equine vaccine for West Nile virus was conditionally licensed. For animal vaccines to effectively protect animal and public health they must be widely used, which means they must be affordable. The regulatory process must meet the need for assuring safety and efficacy without increasing the cost of licensing and production to the point where they are not affordable to the end user.
Copyright © 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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Publication Date: 2011-12-23 PubMed ID: 32288915PubMed Central: PMC7128871DOI: 10.1016/j.provac.2011.10.009Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article explores the significant role that veterinary vaccines play in promoting animal and public health, including their contribution to reducing animal distress, providing efficient food production, lessening antibiotic usage, with examples such as rabies and rinderpest vaccines. The paper also discusses the speedier development and licensing of animal vaccines compared to human ones, the affordability of these vaccines, and the need for regulations that ensure safety and effectiveness without escalating cost.

Impact of Veterinary Vaccines

  • The study emphasizes the vital role veterinary vaccines have in securing animal health and public health. They reduce animal suffering, support the production of food animals to meet the increasing human population demands, and substantially decrease the need for antibiotics in treating food and companion animals.
  • Rabies vaccines for domestic animals and wildlife have almost refuted human rabies in developed countries. The rinderpest vaccines, via the Global Rinderpest Eradication Program that comprises vaccination, trade limitations, and observation, aim to globally eradicate rinderpest – potentially becoming the second eradicated disease after smallpox.

Advancements in Animal Vaccines

  • Innovative animal vaccination technologies are being developed and licensed. These include gene-deleted marker vaccines, virus-like-particle vaccines, recombinant modified live virus vaccines, chimeric vaccines, and DNA vaccines.
  • The novelty in these vaccines extends to their adjuvants, many of which are yet to be approved for usage in human vaccines.

Animal Vaccine Development and Licensing Vs Human Vaccines

  • The research highlights that animal vaccines can be developed and approved significantly faster than human vaccines. An example given is the West Nile virus that was discovered in the United States in August 1999 and by August 2001 an equine vaccine for the virus was conditionally approved.

Cost and Regulation of Veterinary Vaccines

  • For animal vaccines to be effective, they must be broadly used meaning they need to be affordable. The researchers argue that the regulatory process should balance ensuring safety and efficacy without inflating the licensing and production costs that risk making the vaccines unaffordable for end users.

Cite This Article

APA
Roth JA. (2011). Veterinary Vaccines and Their Importance to Animal Health and Public Health. Procedia Vaccinol, 5, 127-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.provac.2011.10.009

Publication

Procedia in vaccinology
ISSN: 1877-282X
NlmUniqueID: 101537770
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 5
Pages: 127-136

Researcher Affiliations

Roth, James A
  • Center for Food Security and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011.

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