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Emerging infectious diseases2001; 7(4); 692-696; doi: 10.3201/eid0704.010417

West Nile outbreak in horses in southern France, 2000: the return after 35 years.

Abstract: On September 6, 2000, two cases of equine encephalitis caused by West Nile (WN) virus were reported in southern France (Hérault Province), near Camargue National Park, where a WN outbreak occurred in 1962. Through November 30, 76 cases were laboratory confirmed among 131 equines with neurologic disorders. The last confirmed case was on November 3, 2000. All but three cases were located in a region nicknamed "la petite Camargue," which has several large marshes, numerous colonies of migratory and resident birds, and large mosquito populations. No human case has been confirmed among clinically suspected patients, nor have abnormal deaths of birds been reported. A serosurvey has been undertaken in horses in the infected area, and other studies are in progress.
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Publication Date: 2001-10-05 PubMed ID: 11585534PubMed Central: PMC2631744DOI: 10.3201/eid0704.010417Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article discusses an outbreak of West Nile Virus (WN) among horses in southern France in the year 2000, which marks a reemergence after 35 years. The virus, which causes equine encephalitis, was confirmed in 76 horses out of 131 horses exhibiting neurological disorders.

Background of the Outbreak

  • The research article focuses on documenting a West Nile Virus outbreak among horses in the Hérault Province in southern France, near the Camargue National Park. Interestingly, this region experienced a similar WN outbreak back in 1962. However, no cases were reported in the intervening 35 years.
  • The outbreak event kicked off on September 6, 2000, when two cases of equine encephalitis, an inflammation of the brain and spinal cord in horses caused by the WN, were reported.

Outbreak Statistics

  • Through November 30th of the same year, out of the 131 equines exhibiting neurological disorders, 76 cases were laboratory-confirmed for the West Nile Virus infection.
  • The last case of the WN during this outbreak was confirmed on November 3, 2000.
  • Interestingly, all but three of these cases were located in a region colloquially known as “la petite Camargue” – an area with large marshes, rich in migratory and resident bird colonies, and heavy mosquito populations. Such factors possibly favored the extensive WN transmission in this region.

Implications, Concerns, and Future Actions

  • Despite the fairly large outbreak among the equine population, no human case of WN was confirmed among clinically suspected patients. Furthermore, no unusual bird deaths, which often indicate the presence of WN, were reported during this period.
  • To better understand the extent and impact of the disease, a serosurvey was carried out among horses in the infected area. The purpose of a serosurvey is to measure the prevalence of a disease in a population by detecting the presence of specific antibodies against the virus.
  • The article concludes by mentioning that multiple other studies are currently under progress to understand this outbreak, potentially determining its cause and mitigating future risks.

Cite This Article

APA
Murgue B, Murri S, Zientara S, Durand B, Durand JP, Zeller H. (2001). West Nile outbreak in horses in southern France, 2000: the return after 35 years. Emerg Infect Dis, 7(4), 692-696. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0704.010417

Publication

Emerging infectious diseases
ISSN: 1080-6040
NlmUniqueID: 9508155
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 7
Issue: 4
Pages: 692-696

Researcher Affiliations

Murgue, B
  • Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus et des Fièvres Hémorragiques Virales, Institut Pasteur-25, rue du Dr-Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France. bmurgue@pasteur.fr
Murri, S
    Zientara, S
      Durand, B
        Durand, J P
          Zeller, H

            MeSH Terms

            • Age Factors
            • Animals
            • Antibodies, Viral / analysis
            • Communicable Diseases, Emerging / epidemiology
            • Communicable Diseases, Emerging / immunology
            • Communicable Diseases, Emerging / veterinary
            • Communicable Diseases, Emerging / virology
            • Disease Outbreaks
            • France / epidemiology
            • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
            • Horse Diseases / immunology
            • Horse Diseases / virology
            • Horses
            • Humans
            • Immunoglobulin M / analysis
            • Phylogeny
            • RNA, Viral / analysis
            • Sentinel Surveillance / veterinary
            • Serologic Tests / methods
            • West Nile Fever / epidemiology
            • West Nile Fever / immunology
            • West Nile Fever / veterinary
            • West Nile virus / classification
            • West Nile virus / genetics
            • West Nile virus / immunology
            • West Nile virus / isolation & purification

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