Revue scientifique et technique
Publisher:
L'Office,. Paris : Office international des épizooties
Frequency: Three no. a year,
Country: France
Language: English
Author(s):
International Office of Epizootics.
Start Year:1982 -
Identifiers
| ISSN: | 0253-1933 (Print) 1608-0637 (Electronic) 0253-1933 (Linking) |
| NLM ID: | 8712301 |
| (DNLM): | SR0051159(s) |
| (OCoLC): | 08941771 |
| LCCN: | 83642511 |
| Classification: | W1 RE967Q |
African horse sickness and the overwintering of Culicoides spp. in the Iberian peninsula. The presence at different latitudes and the seasonal distribution of two known or potential vectors of African horse sickness (AHS) virus--Culicoides imicola and C. obsoletus--were investigated in the Iberian peninsula using light trap collections. Culicoides imicola was present as far north as 41 degrees N but not at 43 degrees N (Asturias, Spain), whereas C. obsoletus was found at all latitudes. In the northern part of the distribution of C. imicola, adults of this species were present for only a few months of the year, but adults were continually present further south. Culicoides obsoletus ...
Draught animals and welfare. In fifty developing countries, which contain half of the total human population of the world, there is a heavy dependence on draught animals as an energy source. These animals are used for agriculture operations in 52% of cultivated areas of the world, as well as for hauling 25 million carts. This situation is likely to continue for at least another fifty years. The work performed annually by these draught animals would require 20 million tons of petroleum, valued at US$6 billion, if it were performed by motorized vehicles. The poor working conditions of these animals often adversely affect th...
Welfare of competition horses. In the large majority of cases and circumstances, horses benefit from their association with man. However, abuse of horses can occur, due to neglect or through the pressures of competition. The welfare of all animals, including competition horses, has become increasingly topical over the past ten years. Equestrian sport is coming under closer public scrutiny due to reports of apparent abuse. The bodies responsible for regulating these sports strenuously endeavour to protect the welfare of horses which compete under their rules and regulations. The Fédération Equestre Internationale (FEI: Int...
Isolation and identification of African horse sickness virus during an outbreak in Lagos, Nigeria. An outbreak of African horse sickness involving two horse stables in Lagos, Nigeria, was investigated. Inoculation of blood from infected horses into suckling albino mice resulted in isolation of a virus which was identified as African horse sickness virus by the complement fixation test. The clinical, pathological and epizootiological findings (reported elsewhere) were consistent with African horse sickness. Potential threats of the epidemic to international horse trade are briefly highlighted.
A dot immunobinding assay in comparison with the gel diffusion test for the detection of equine herpesvirus-1 antigen from field samples. The authors describe a rapid and simple dot immunobinding assay (DIA) for detection and identification of equine herpesvirus-1 antigen in field samples from cases of abortion, stillbirth, perinatal foal mortality and paralysis. The assay employs a nitrocellulose membrane to which antigen is adsorbed as a dot. Antigen is identified as a coloured dot using a procedure based on the principle of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In all, 61 samples were tested by DIA and the test was compared with conventional agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID). With DIA, 44 (72%) samples gave positive result...
[Equine rhinopneumonitis: molecular epidemiology and diagnosis by molecular probes prepared from organs]. The authors briefly review the clinical forms of equine rhinopneumonitis and indicate changes in the nomenclature of equine herpesviral infections. The value of restriction profiles for epidemiological studies is described, taking as an example the strains of virus isolated in France. A technique is given for preparing molecular probes, as well as the application of these probes in direct diagnosis from biological specimens.
Report of the Thirteenth Meeting of the OIE Ad hoc Group on Non Tsetse-Transmitted Animal Trypanosomoses. There is increasing interest in many parts of the world in trypanosomoses other than those transmitted by tsetse flies, as shown by numerous research projects and field studies. The refinement of techniques for studying the behaviour of trypanosomes (techniques of molecular biology) in axenic culture or in the parasitised host has led to progress in diagnosis and immunology, and a rational approach to chemotherapy and chemoprophylaxis of these infections. Field trials of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in Africa, Asia and South America have shown that these tests may now be regarded as reli...
Immunokinetics of equine herpesvirus 1 in donkey mares: suppression of secondary cell-mediated response. To study the immunokinetics of equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV1), donkey mares were immunised with a laboratory strain of EHV1, or with recommended doses of Pneumabort-K vaccine (EHV1 Army 183 strain, formalin-inactivated, with an oil adjuvant) and a booster was given after three months. Humoral immune responses were studied by employing a virus neutralisation (VN) test. A leucocyte migration inhibition test (LMIT) was employed for the assay of cellular immune responses. The VN antibody titre reached 1:64 or 1:128 after primary immunisation and showed a marginal increase (1:256) after secondary immu...
Haemoparasites of equines: impact on international trade of horses. The geographical distribution of Babesia equi and Babesia caballi and their tick vectors is discussed. Control of infections with these protozoa is hampered by the lack of a suitable antiprotozoal drug and a reliable serological test. No vaccine is available. Ehrlichia risticii (the causal agent of Potomac horse fever) and E. equi are rickettsial parasites which are difficult to control. Little is known of their geographical distribution and vectors. Early diagnosis is required for tetracycline therapy to be effective and there is a need for a rapid test to provide an early diagnosis.
Comparative diagnostic value of the gel diffusion test and virus isolation in cell culture for detecting equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1). The gel diffusion test was applied direct to field samples from cases of equine abortion, foal mortality and equine paralysis due to equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1). Following polyethylene glycol concentra tion of viral antigen, one line was formed against EHV-1 antiserum after 24 hours incubation at 25°C. Tests carried out simultaneously on 41 field samples showed a high correlation between diagnosis based on this test and virus isolation in primary lamb kidney cell culture. Advantages of gel diffusion over isolation of virus in cell culture were its rapidity and simplicity. The precipit...