Veterinary research communications.
Publisher:
Elsevier,. [Cham] : Springer
Frequency: Eight no. a year
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Start Year:1980 -
ISSN:
0165-7380 (Print)
1573-7446 (Electronic)
0165-7380 (Linking)
1573-7446 (Electronic)
0165-7380 (Linking)
Impact Factor
2.2
2022
| NLM ID: | 8100520 |
| (DNLM): | V06070000(s) |
| (OCoLC): | 06845473 |
| Coden: | VRCODX |
| Classification: | W1 VE934M |
Occurrence of fungi from conjunctiva of healthy horses in Tuscany, Italy. The fungal flora of the normal conjunctival fornix has been described for many animal species (Urban et al., 1972; Samuelson et al., 1984; Moore et al., 1988; Davidson et al., 1994; Cooper et at, 2001) and many environmental factors, such as age, geography, habitat and husbandry are reported to influence its composition (Samuelson at at, 1984; Andrew et at, 2003). Equine keratomycosis can be caused by saprophytic fungi following an underlying corneal pathology or improper use of topical antibiotics and/or topical corticosteroids (Andrew at al., 1998; Brooks, 1999). Knowledge of differences in ...
Clenbuterol affects the expression of messenger RNA for interleukin 10 in peripheral leukocytes from horses challenged intrabronchially with lipopolysaccharides. On four occasions, four horses with heaves and four horses with small airway inflammatory diseases inhaled 0.9% saline based aerosol mixtures with or without lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Prior to the first saline and LPS inhalation, horses were untreated, while three and a half days prior to the third and forth inhalation horses had received 0.8 microg/kg clenbuterol intravenously twice daily. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and interferon- gamma (IFN- gamma) was investigated by RT-PCR, all of which ...
The effect of aerosolized and intravenously administered clenbuterol and aerosolized fluticasone propionate on horses challenged with Aspergillus fumigatus antigen. Beta-agonists have been shown to display anti-inflammatory properties in several experimental models. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of clenbuterol (CB), administered either intravenously or by aerosol, in comparison with fluticasone propionate (FP) in recurrent airway obstruction (RAO)-susceptible horses. Eight horses, of which five were known to be susceptible to RAO, underwent an inhalation challenge with Aspergillus fumigatus (AF) antigen and were treated with CB intravenously, CB by aerosol, or FP by aerosol. Twenty-four hours after the challenge...
Comparison of hydrolytic and conjugative biotransformation pathways in horse, cattle, pig, broiler chick, rabbit and rat liver subcellullar fractions. To complete a studyaimed at investigating the pattern of the basal activities of liver xenobioticmetabolizing enzymes in major and minor species intended for meat production, microsomal carboxylesterases and some conjugating enzyme activities were determined and compared in liver preparations from horses, cattle, pigs, rabbits and broiler chicks, using the rat as a reference species. Horses and broiler chicks exhibited a lower microsomal carboxylesterase activity towards indophenyl or p-nitrophenyl acetate than that measured in cattle or pig subfractions. Among food-producing species, the rate...
Molecular variability in different Indian isolates of equine herpesvirus-1. Three abortigenic Indian isolates of equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) (Tohana, Hisar and Bikaner), along with two exotic abortigenic isolates (AB4 and V592) and another EHV-1 isolate (Jind) obtained from a case of perinatal foal mortality, were studied for variability. For this purpose, PCR and restriction endonuclease (RE) digestion techniques were used simultaneously as a DNA fingerprinting system. Nine different regions of EHV-1 virus were amplified by PCR using primer pairs specific for the regions and the products obtained from these regions were subsequently subjected to various restriction ...
A single-chain fragment variable recombinant antibody against F5 fimbria of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli inhibits agglutination of horse red blood cells induced by F5 protein. Bovine colibacillosis caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a worldwide problem. Adhesion of ETEC to intestinal cell receptors mediated by the surface protein F5 fimbriae is the initial step in the establishment of colibacillosis. Prevention of ETEC F5(+) adhesion to enterocytes protects newborn calves against collibacillosis. On the enterocytes, the F5 fimbriae bind to a ganglioside that is also found on horse red blood cells. Thus, the presence of F5 fimbriae induces haemagglutination, which is useful as an indicator in a functional assay system. In this study, recombinant ant...
High prevalence of chlamydial (Chlamydophila psittaci) infection in fetal membranes of aborted equine fetuses. Seventy-seven cases of equine abortion from 49 Hungarian farms that occurred between 1998 and 2000 were investigated for the presence of chlamydiae by immunohistochemistry, PCR and/or MZN staining. Evidence of the presence of these bacteria was obtained in 64 cases (83.1%) from 41 (83.7%) different farms. Partial ompA gene sequencing of PCR products revealed that the agent was Chlamydophila psittaci. Based on the findings of microbial diagnosis, pathology and case history, chlamydial infection was considered to be the most likely cause of abortion in at least 11 (14.3%) cases. In the remaining...
Gentamicin nephrotoxicity–a comparison of in vitro findings with in vivo experiments in equines. The aminoglycoside gentamicin is often used in equine practice. Despite its clinical use, concerns remain regarding the potential toxic side-effects, such as nephrotoxicity, in equine patients, particularly after repeated dosing. The aim of the study was to investigate first in vitro the mechanisms contributing to the renal toxicity of gentamicin and to identify sensitive biomarkers indicating proximal tubule damage. To this end, the kidney-derived cell lines LLC-PKI and MDCK were treated with gentamicin at different concentrations. Toxicity was assessed by measuring the release of gamma-gluta...
Influence of fluid therapy on gentamicin pharmacokinetics in colic horses. The aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin is commonly used in equine medicine for the prevention and treatment of Gram-negative and staphylococcal bacteria in surgically treated colic patients. The pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in these patients might be altered by the disease status, and/or under the influence of fluid therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of intravenous fluid treatment on gentamicin kinetics in colic patients. Colic patients subjected to laparotomy were given fluid infusions according to clinical status. Following gentamicin administration, blood s...
Effects of training on phagocytic and oxidative metabolism of peripheral neutrophils in horses exercised in the aerobic-anaerobic transition area. Using simple techniques, the neutrophil function, in its phagocytosis and oxidative metabolism stages, was evaluated in horses. This was done before and after moderate exercise at the aerobic-anaerobic threshold (standardized heart rate 150 beats/min and lactate level of 3.07 +/- 0.21 mmol/L). The objective was to determine whether regular training and moderate exercise improved the neutrophil function. A group of 19 horses was used; 11 of these were untrained and the remainder trained for national jumping events. The exercise test consisted of a 5 min trot followed by a 3 min gallop on a long...
Development of a neutralizing monoclonal antibody-based blocking ELISA for detection of equine herpesvirus 1 antibodies. A single-dilution, sensitive and specific monoclonal antibody-based blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (B-ELISA) was developed as an alternative to the cumbersome virus neutralization test (VNT) for detection of equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) antibodies. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (1H6 and 9C6) raised against EHV-1 (Hisar-90-7 strain) and sera from 70 horses (30 known negative and 40 known positive for EHV-1 antibodies by VNT) were used for standardization of the B-ELISA. Using a single serum dilution of 1:250 in B-ELISA, 100% specificity was obtained with both monoclonal antibod...
Comparison of systolic cardiac function before and after treatment of atrial fibrillation in horses with and without additional cardiac valve insufficiencies. Clinical, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic examinations were conducted before therapy and 4 days after conversion to normal sinus rhythm in 15 horses with a history of atrial fibrillation of 2-6 months duration. Seven horses showed no other signs of cardiac disease. Four horses suffered additionally from mitral valve insufficiency, while six horses had aortic valve insufficiency, including two of the four horses with mitral valve insufficiency, but none had signs of congestive heart failure. Doppler echocardiographic estimates of various variables were made for assessment of systolic...
Comparative pharmacokinetics of diphenhydramine in camels and horses after intravenous administration. The pharmacokinetics of diphenhydramine (DPHM) was compared in camels (n = 8) and horses (n = 6) following intravenous (i.v.) administration of a dose of 0.625 mg/kg body weight. In addition, the metabolism and urinary detection time of DPHM was evaluated in camels. The data obtained (median and range in brackets) in camels and horses, respectively, were as follows. The terminal elimination half lives (h) were 1.58 (1.13-2.58) and 6.11 (4.80-14.1), and the total body clearances (L/h per kg) were 1.42 (1.13-1.74) and 0.79 (0.66-0.90). The volumes of distribution at steady state (L/kg) were 2.38...
The use of electrocardiographic recording with Holter monitoring during treadmill exercise to evaluate cardiac arrhythmias in racehorses. The research examines the use of Holter monitoring combined with treadmill exercise to better understand and diagnose cardiac arrhythmias in racehorses. This technology provides a comprehensive view of the horse’s […]