Topic:Cancer
Cancer in horses encompasses a range of neoplastic diseases that affect various tissues and organs in equine species. These conditions involve the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells, which can form tumors and potentially spread to other parts of the body. Common types of cancer in horses include sarcoids, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma, each with distinct characteristics and clinical presentations. Diagnosis often involves a combination of physical examination, imaging techniques, and histopathological analysis. Treatment options vary based on the type and stage of cancer and may include surgical intervention, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. This page compiles peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies for cancer in horses.
A survey of granulomatous and neoplastic diseases of equine skin in north Queensland. A survey of granulomatous and neoplastic diseases of the skin of horses of tropical north Queensland was carried out during the period 1970-1980. Of 338 horses affected, 46.4% suffered from equine fibrosarcoma (sarcoid), 30.2% from phycomycosis, 7.4% from squamous cell carcinoma, 6.8% from other tumours, 4.7% from cutaneous habronemiasis and 4.4% from exuberant granulation tissue. Most specimens were submitted during the first half of the year after the wet monsoonal season and significantly more diseases originated during the first quarter. There was minor variations with breed, age and sex s...
Isolation of a retrovirus from cultured equine sarcoid tumor cells. A virus with the morphologic and biochemical properties of the family Retroviridae has been isolated from cultured cells explanted from a malignant tumor induced by intradermal inoculation of equine sarcoid cells into a combined immunodeficient Arabian foal. By electron microscopy, intracytoplasmic, extracellular, and budding particles measuring 89 to 120 nm with electron-lucent cores were seen. Virus purified from the medium of cultured cells had a buoyant density of 1.15 g/cm3 in isopycnic sucrose-gradient centrifugation, incorporated radiolabeled uridine but not thymidine, and had constitut...
Rn for treatment of periocular fibrous connective tissue sarcomas in the horse. Twelve periocular fibrous connective tissue sarcomas in 11 horses were treated with 222Rn. Follow-up periods ranged from 1 to 6 years; the overall nonrecurrence rate at 12 months after therapy was 92%. Two lesions recurred 2 years after treatment, and 1 after 3 years. One of the former lesions has not recurred after a 2nd 222Rn treatment.
Primary renal cell carcinoma in two horses. Of 2 horses with renal cell carcinoma, 1 had massive ascites but no other signs of urinary tract disease; the other had hematuria. In both horses, the tumors were palpable as large perirenal masses. The tumor mass of horse 1 almost completely replaced the left kidney, and there were tumor implants on the serosa of abdominal organs. The right kidney of horse 2 was compressed peripherally by the tumor, which completely filled the renal pelvis. The prevalence of renal cell carcinoma in horses and dogs necropsied at the New York State College of Veterinary Medicine between 1953 and 1976 was simila...
Effects of cytotoxic drugs on cultured equine cells in vitro. Sixteen cytotoxic drugs used in cancer chemotherapy in man were studied for cytopathic effect on equine fibrosarcoma, melanoma and normal equine lung cells in vitro. Three drugs, vincristine, melphalan and methotrexate, produced cytopathic effect
Treatment of fibrosarcoma in a horse. A surgically excised tumour from the thoracic wall of a hunter mare was diagnosed as a fibrosarcoma on histological examination. Its recurrence necessitated further surgery 6 weeks later. Because of the invasive nature of the lesion a prolonged course of chemotherapy was administered postoperatively. The tumour did not recur a second time.
Equine connective tissue tumors contain unintegrated bovine papilloma virus DNA. Bovine papilloma virus (BPV) appears to be the etiological agent of common equine connective tissue tumors. We investigated the physical state of the viral DNA within such tumors and found no indication for integration into the host genome. The BPV genomes were present as free circular episomes. Two equine sarcoids were shown to contain multiple copies of free circular BPV type 1 (BPV-1) DNA. When the tumors were digested with several single-cut restriction enzymes, there were only form III BPV-1 DNA sequences could be revealed. One of the sarcoids contained, apart from wild-type BPV-1 DNA, a ...
Treatment of bovine and equine ocular squamous cell carcinoma by radiofrequency hyperthermia. Forty-five ocular squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) in 17 cattle and 8 horses were treated by radiofrequency hyperthermia, resulting in 80% complete regression and 16% partial regression. Tumors were histologically diagnosed as SCC; 50% of the tumors were recurrent, having been treated previously by surgery, cryosurgery, radiation, or immunotherapy. After hyperthermic treatment, most animals were available for tumor measurement at 4 to 6 weeks and at 8 to 16 weeks, with a final observation period of 2 to 10 months for all. Complete regression occurred in 8 of 12 tumors given a second hyperthermic...
Squamous cell carcinoma of the equine stomach. A report of seven cases. Both clinical and pathological features of seven horses suffering from a squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach are presented. The main complaints in the horses, aged six years or more, were loss both of weight and of condition. Metastases had often developed. The diagnostic difficulties and possibilities are discussed.
Cell-mediated immunity in horses with sarcoid tumors against sarcoid cells in vitro. Cell-mediated immunity in horses with sarcoid tumor against sarcoid antigens was studied in vitro by means of mixed lymphocyte tumor cell culture assay and lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity of 52Cr-labeled target cells. When Mc-1 sarcoid cells were used as stimulatory cells for peripheral blood lymphocytes in the mixed lymphocyte tumor cell assay, a clear difference in the kinetics of the generated lymphocytic proliferative response could be detected between sarcoid and control horses. With sarcoid horses, their proliferative maximum was reached 3 days earlier than that of the control horses, a...
Intraocular melanoma in a horse. Sudden unilateral blindness occurred in a 7-year-old grey gelding Quarterhorse. Ophthalmoscopy revealed a pigmented mass arising from the nasal ciliary body of the right eye and extending around the posterior surface of the lens, and there were pigmented particles in the vitreous. Examination of the enucleated globe showed a circumscribed, black, dense and symmetrically ovoid mass with sessile attachment to the nasal ciliary region and extension to posterior lens capsule, vitreous and along the vitreal face of the detached retina to the optic papilla. The mass was composed of heavily pigmented...