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Topic:Veterinary Research
Veterinary research in horses encompasses the study of diseases, health management, and medical treatments specific to equine species. This field investigates various aspects of horse health, including infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, and musculoskeletal conditions. Researchers focus on understanding the pathophysiology of equine ailments, developing diagnostic tools, and evaluating therapeutic interventions. The study of horse health also involves examining preventive measures such as vaccination protocols and nutritional management to promote overall well-being. This page collects peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the diverse areas of veterinary science related to horses, providing insights into disease mechanisms, treatment strategies, and advancements in equine healthcare.
Simulated small intestinal volvulus in the anesthetized horse. Experimental closed loop small intestinal volvulus was studied in the anesthetized horse. Volvulus was simulated by ligation of the mesenterial veins to a segment of small intestine. Physical signs and hemodynamic, hematologic, clinical chemical, bacteriologic and peritoneal fluid values were examined. Compared to conscious horses anesthesia highly delayed and modified the clinical signs of shock (changes in mucosal colour, dehydration, decreased skin temperature, elevated pulse rate, low blood pressures) and of small intestinal volvulus (altered peristalsis, gastric dilation). Plasma glucose ...
Differences in the interactions of liver alcohol dehydrogenases with probes binding into the substrate pocket. The interactions of three groups of probes (berberine alkaloids, tricyclic psychopharmaca and acridine derivatives) with isoenzymes of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase and with rat liver alcohol dehydrogenase have been examined. These compounds inhibit the activity of the EE isoenzyme of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase but differ in their behaviour towards the steroid-active enzymes (i.e. the ES isoenzyme of horse liver alcohol dehydrognase and alcohol dehydrogenase from rat liver): psychopharmaca inhibit, acridines activate and berberines do not bind. The ligands differ also in their influ...
Equine parasite control using pyrantel embonate. Over a period of several years the use of pyrantel embonate in the control of helminth infections on three equine establishments was monitored by the examination of faecal samples collected immediately before each anthelmintic treatment. With a monthly interval between treatments for three years the faecal egg output of the horses remained at a very low level. One one establishment this was maintained when the treatment interval was extended to one-and-a-half months after treating monthly for two years. If a treatment interval of one-and-a-half months was used continuously for a number of year...
Evaluation of uterine tube function in pony mares. Two experimental procedures were investigated in order to assess their usefulness in diagnosing occlusion of the equine uterine tube. The starch grain test, which involves the injection of a starch suspension onto the ovary and the subsequent recovery of starch from the cervix, proved to be safe and reliable. Each tube could be investigated separately. It was found that when starch was injected onto the ovulating ovary on the day of ovulation, there was a delay of four to seven days before starch was recovered from the cervix. The phenolsulphonphthalein (PSP) test, which involves the depositio...
Physiologic effects of succinylcholine chloride in mechanically ventilated horses anesthetized with halothane in oxygen. Succinylcholine chloride, administered to horses anesthetized with halothane in oxygen and mechanically ventilated, caused slight but significant (P less than 0.01) increases in heart rate. Significant alteration in mean arterial blood pressure did not occur, and there were clinically insignificant increases in serum K+ and C1- concentration. Cardiac dysrhythmia and myoglobinuria did not occur. Thus, effects of halothane anesthesia and mechanical ventilation prevented cardiac dysrhythmia and hypertension and greatly reduced the tachycardia generally associated with siccinylcholine administrati...
Assessment of myocardial function in the horse. 2. Experimental findings in resting horses. The paper describes observations on 8 horses at rest using catheter-mounted microtransducers to record intracavity pressures. In 5 of them records were obtained from both left and right sides and in 3 horses from the right heart only. Twelve indices were measured. Variations in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure seemed to influence the results on many of the parameters. It is suggested that left ventricular end-diastolic pressure itself may be a useful guide to left ventricular functional efficiency but more work is necessary to further evaluate these indices as possible measures of myoca...
Clinical aspects of mycotic keratitis in the horse. Several manifestations of equine corenal ulcers caused by mycotic agents are discussed. Antifungal therapy is reviewed. Mycotic keratitis should be suspected when routine corneal ulcer therapy is nonproductive.
Ossifying ameloblastoma in a horse. The features of an ossifying ameloblastoma in a 5-year-old gelding are described. The tumour developed in the angle of the right mandible and microscopically consisted of multiple follicles and islands of epithelial tissue adjacent to which were trabeculae of bone, osteoid and compact collagenous tissue.
A re-evaluation of the D (+) xylose absorption test in the horse. The absorption of d-xylose forms the basis of a useful screening test in the investigation of small intestinal disorders in the horse. A comparison has been made of different assay methods and there was no significant difference between the results obtained with the parabromoaniline (PBA) method or the ferric chloride-orcinol (FCO) method. The orthotoluidine method was unsatisfactory. The anticoagulant agent did not affect the test. A dose of 0.5 g commercial grade xylose/kg body weight as a 10 per cent solution given by stomach tube, produced a peak plasma xylose level after 90 min and should...
Chronic phenylmercuric acetate toxicity in a horse. Phenylmercuric acetate (PMA) was administered orally to a horse over a period of 27 weeks (190 days) at a dose rate of 0.4 mg Hg/kg per day. The effects produced were consistent with those of chronic inorganic mercury intoxication. The clinical features included masseter muscle atrophy, difficulty in prehension and mastication, malodorous breath, reduced appetite and weight loss, and reflected significant pathological changes involving the buccal, mandibular and dental tissues. Renal dysfunction was evident terminally and there was degeration and necrosis of the proximal tubular epithelium. Ne...
Bacteria isolated from uterine washings from mares in the Sudan. Uterine washes collected from 200 barren mares were examined at the Khartoum veterinary clinic during the period May 1977 to May 1978. A variety of bacteria was isolated from 77 per cent of the mares investigated. Thirty mares were treated by parenteral injection and intrauterine infusion of the appropriate antibiotics. Twenty-one of these mares conceived, of which 17 delivered normal foals and 4 had early embryonic deaths.
Evaluation of equine radial and median nerve conduction velocities. Eleven ponies and 13 horses were used to develop a technique for determining conduction velocity for the radial and median nerves and establishing normal limits for these values. One pony was euthanatized to determine the course of the radial and the median nerves. From this dissection, both proximal and distal stimulation sites for the radial and the median nerves were selected, as well as areas for recording muscle evoked responses from the abductor digiti I longus (extensor carpi obliquus) and the radial head of the deep digital flexor muscles. The other ten ponies and the horses were used ...
Evaluation of functional thymic hormones in Arabian horses with severe combined immunodeficiency. Arabian horses with severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) were evaluated for thymic hormone activities using thymic extracts and sera. Extracts prepared from thymus of SCID horses were able to increase the number of spleen cells responding to sheep red blood cells in irradiated, bone marrow-reconstituted mice. In addition, ultrafiltrates prepared from sera of these immunodeficient horses, which contained material with molecular weight of less than 50,000 Daltons could (a) induce a population of human bone marrow precursor cells to differentiate into cells bearing SRBC receptors and f...
Lipoproteins as substitutes for serum in Mycoplasma culture medium. Crude lipoprotein-containing fractions obtained from sera of three different animal species were tested, in combination with bovine serum in Mycoplasma pneumoniae culture medium. All sera yielded at least one lipoprotein-containing component which was considerably more effective in promoting mycoplasma growth than the unfractionated serum sample from which it was derived. The very low activity of certain whole-serum samples tested in this investigation suggests that toxic substances may be present in whole serum which are not contained in the lipoprotein preparations. The greatest activity app...
Assessment of myocardial function in the horse. 1. Theoretical and technical considerations. The paper discusses the various parameters which are currently used in attempts to assess the contractile efficiency of the myocardium in various species. These procedures depend upon accurate recording of intracavity pressure. The response of a catheter-mounted microtransducer compared with a fluid-filled catheter manometer system is illustrated to show the advantage of the former in providing a true representation of pressure changes.
