A Computed Tomographic Assessment of Osteitis of Sinus Bony Structures in Horses With Sinonasal Disorders.
Abstract: Computed tomographic (CT) imaging has shown some horses with sinonasal diseases to have changes in their sinus bony structures. Scintigraphic and clinical evidence of sinus osteitis have also been reported. However, no study has objectively examined for the presence and degree of osteitis in equine sinonasal disease. To assess for the presence and extent of osteitis of sinus-related bony structures by examination of CT images of horses with clinically and sinoscopically confirmed unilateral sinonasal disease. Retrospective examination of CT images of horses with confirmed, mainly chronic (>2 month duration) unilateral sinus disease of different etiologies. Bone thickness at designated sites of the maxillary bone ( = 3), frontal bone ( = 1), infraorbital canal ( = 2), and bony nasolacrimal duct ( = 1) were measured, as were the maximal diameters of the infraorbital canal and the bony nasolacrimal duct on both affected and control sides. Maxillary bone density (in Hounsfield Units) was also assessed bilaterally. Bone thickness was compared between affected and controlled sides using paired statistical tests. Bone was significantly thicker in the affected sinuses compared to the control sides at the three maxillary bone sites (all, < 0.001) and at both infraorbital bone sites (both, < 0.001), but not at the two most dorsal sites examined, i.e. frontal bone ( = 0.188) and bony nasolacrimal duct ( = -0.260) sites. Infraorbital canal and bony nasolacrimal duct diameters were significantly wider in the affected as compared to the control sides ( < 0.001 and = 0.002, respectively). Maxillary bone density did not differ significantly between the affected (mean = 1,075 HU, SD = 230.01) and control (mean = 1,100, SD = 200.71) sides ( = -1.03, = 0.306). Possible variation in selecting measurement sites. Variation in the severity and chronicity of sinonasal disease between horses. Osteitis and enlargement of paranasal bony structures commonly occurs in horses with sinonasal disease and can explain the clinical presence of ipsilateral diffuse soft tissue facial swelling, epiphora, and scintigraphic evidence of bone inflammation in sinonasal disease.
Copyright © 2020 Dixon, Puidupin, Borkent, Liuti and Reardon.
Publication Date: 2020-09-11 PubMed ID: 33062655PubMed Central: PMC7518044DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00627Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research investigates the presence and extent of inflammation of the sinus bones, also known as osteitis, in horses that are affected by sinus and nasal, or sinonasal, diseases. Utilizing computed tomographic (CT) imaging, the study found that these disorders often result in sinus bone thickening and enlargement, causing noticeable facial swelling among other symptoms in the animals.
Objective and Methodology
- The research sought to study the existence and severity of osteitis in sinus-related bony structures in horses suffering from unilateral sinonasal diseases. This was a retrospective study that examined CT images of horses with clinically and sinoscopically approved unilateral sinonasal diseases, predominantly chronic and of diverse causes.
- In the process, measurements were taken from designated locations within the maxillary bone, frontal bone, infraorbital canal, and bony nasolacrimal duct. Measurements were made on both the affected and healthy sides. This included bone thickness as well as the maximum diameters of the infraorbital canal and the bony nasolacrimal duct.
- Additionally, the density of the maxillary bone was gauged bilaterally using Hounsfield Units. Following data collection, comparison was made between affected and controlled sides by using paired statistical tests.
Results and Findings
- The findings revealed significant bone thickness at the three maxillary bone and two infraorbital bone sites of the affected sinuses in comparison to healthy ones. However, there was no significant difference at the two most dorsal sites, which were the frontal bone and bony nasolacrimal duct sites.
- The diameters of the infraorbital canal and bony nasolacrimal duct were considerably larger in the affected sides compared to the control sides. Despite these notable disparities, there wasn’t a significant difference in maxillary bone density between the affected and control sides.
- It is important to note that there was some degree of variation in the methodology, specifically in the selection of measurement sites and the different severities and durations of the sinonasal diseases among the horses included in the study.
Implications of the Study
- The evidence of osteitis and expansion of paranasal bony structures in horses afflicted by sinonasal diseases substantiates the clinical phenomenon of ipsilateral diffuse soft tissue facial swelling, excess watery eyes (epiphora), and scintigraphic signs of bone inflammation.
- Through these findings, the research potentially contributes to better understanding and improved diagnoses and treatment of sinonasal diseases in horses, particularly those with chronic conditions.
Cite This Article
APA
Dixon PM, Puidupin C, Borkent D, Liuti T, Reardon RJM.
(2020).
A Computed Tomographic Assessment of Osteitis of Sinus Bony Structures in Horses With Sinonasal Disorders.
Front Vet Sci, 7, 627.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.00627 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Stieger-Vanegas SM, Hanna AL. The Role of Computed Tomography in Imaging Non-neurologic Disorders of the Head in Equine Patients.. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:798216.
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