A Computed Tomographic (CT) and Pathological Study of Equine Cheek Teeth Infundibulae Extracted From Asymptomatic Horses. Part 1: Prevalence, Type and Location of Infundibular Lesions on CT Imaging.
Abstract: Equine maxillary cheek teeth infundibulae are frequently affected by developmental and acquired disorders, but the computed tomographic (CT) imaging features of normal and abnormal infundibulae remain incompletely understood. To examine infundibulae with various grades of occlusal caries and control teeth by standard CT in order to assess the prevalence, type and location of subocclusal infundibular lesions present. original study. One hundred maxillary cheek teeth, including 82 with, and 18 without infundibular occlusal caries, were extracted from horses of different ages and imaged by standard CT; 8 teeth were also imaged by MicroCT. Images were later assessed by Osirix® and the prevalence, characteristics and sites of infundibular lesions were assessed. Teeth with shorter infundibulae (i.e., Triadan 09 position and older teeth) were more likely to have occlusal caries, as were the rostral infundibulae. Subocclusal developmental infundibular lesions, including cemental hypoplasia and caries, were present in 72% of infundibulae without occlusal caries. CT imaging confirmed two main patterns of developmental cemental hypoplasia, i.e., usually involving the full width of the apical aspect of the infundibulum and involving the central aspect of the infundibulum over most of its length, and combinations of these types. These developmental lesions could later be affected by (acquired) infundibular caries once occlusally exposed due to normal wear. Some "normal-sized" (i.e., circa 1 mm diameter) occlusal expanded subocclusally to the dimensions of central linear defects. No clinical histories or accurate ages were available for these teeth. Hypoplastic cemental lesions, including at central linear, and apical sites, are common even in clinically normal maxillary cheek teeth infundibulae and caries can occur when these lesions contact the occlusal surface. Central linear defects are not always clearly distinguishable from "normal" central vascular channels.
Publication Date: 2019-04-25 PubMed ID: 31106213PubMed Central: PMC6494954DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00124Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Anatomy
- Clinical Examination
- Clinical Study
- Clinical Symptoms
- Computed Tomography
- Dental Health
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Imaging
- Diagnostic Technique
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Etiology
- Equine Diseases
- Equine Health
- Horses
- Imaging Techniques
- In Vivo
- Pathology
- Radiology
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Procedure
- Veterinary Research
Summary
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The research examines the prevalence, type, and location of infundibular lesions in equine maxillary cheek teeth using Computed Tomography (CT) imaging. It determines that teeth with shorter infundibulae and older teeth are more likely to have occlusal caries, and that certain developmental lesions can be affected by infundibular caries once exposed to normal wear.
Understanding Infundibular Lesions
- The study aims to comprehend the nature of infundibular lesions in equine maxillary cheek teeth, focusing on their frequency, type, and location.
- Infundibulae, which are part of the horse’s teeth, often suffer from developmental and acquired disorders.
- Understanding these disorders involve assessing infundibulae with varying grades of occlusal caries, which is tooth decay at the site where the teeth make contact.
Methodology
- The research studied one hundred maxillary cheek teeth, out of which 82 had infundibular occlusal caries and 18 did not. These teeth were taken from horses of different ages.
- The teeth were imaged using standard CT, and 8 were imaged using MicroCT.
- The images were later assessed using Osirix® to ascertain the prevalence, characteristics, and sites of infundibular lesions.
Findings
- The results show that teeth with shorter infundibulae, that is, those in the Triadan 09 position, and older teeth were more likely to have occlusal caries.
- The study found that 72% of infundibulae without occlusal caries had subocclusal developmental infundibular lesions, which include cemental hypoplasia and caries.
- Two main patterns of developmental cemental hypoplasia were identified on CT imaging: those that involve the full width of the apical aspect of the infundibulum, and those involving the central aspect of the infundibulum for most of its length, including combinations of these types.
Implications
- This research provides important understanding of the occurrence and nature of infundibular lesions in equine teeth.
- Findings suggest that these developmental lesions could later be affected by (acquired) infundibular caries once occlusally exposed due to normal wear. In other words, these hypo-plastic cemental lesions, including at central linear and apical sites, are common even in clinically normal maxillary cheek teeth infundibulae.
- However, the study notes that central linear defects are not always clearly distinguishable from “normal” central vascular channels.
Cite This Article
APA
Horbal A, Smith S, Dixon PM.
(2019).
A Computed Tomographic (CT) and Pathological Study of Equine Cheek Teeth Infundibulae Extracted From Asymptomatic Horses. Part 1: Prevalence, Type and Location of Infundibular Lesions on CT Imaging.
Front Vet Sci, 6, 124.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00124 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
References
This article includes 19 references
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