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Journal of virology1998; 72(2); 1482-1490; doi: 10.1128/JVI.72.2.1482-1490.1998

A novel P/V/C gene in a new member of the Paramyxoviridae family, which causes lethal infection in humans, horses, and other animals.

Abstract: In 1994, a new member of the family Paramyxoviridae isolated from fatal cases of respiratory disease in horses and humans was shown to be distantly related to morbilliviruses and provisionally called equine morbillivirus (K. Murray et al., Science 268:94-97, 1995). To facilitate characterization and classification, the virus was purified, viral proteins were identified, and the P/V/C gene was cloned and sequenced. The coding strategy of the gene is similar to that of Sendai and measles viruses, members of the Paramyxovirus and Morbillivirus genera, respectively, in the subfamily Paramyxovirinae. The P/V/C gene contains four open reading frames, three of which, P, C, and V, have Paramyxovirinae counterparts. The P and C proteins are larger and smaller, respectively, than are cognate proteins in members of the subfamily, and the V protein is made as a result of a single G insertion during transcription. The P/V/C gene has two unique features. (i) A fourth open reading frame is located between those of the C and V proteins and potentially encodes a small basic protein similar to those found in some members of the Rhabdoviridae and Filoviridae families. (ii) There is also a long untranslated 3' sequence, a feature common in Filoviridae members. Sequence comparisons confirm that although the virus is a member of the Paramyxovirinae subfamily, it displays only low levels of homology with paramyxoviruses and morbilliviruses and negligible homologies with rubulaviruses.
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Publication Date: 1998-01-28 PubMed ID: 9445051PubMed Central: PMC124629DOI: 10.1128/JVI.72.2.1482-1490.1998Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article presents the discovery and characterization of a new gene, P/V/C, in a virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family. This virus was isolated from fatal respiratory disease cases in horses and humans and is distinct from previously known viruses in this family. The study includes the purification of the virus, identification of viral proteins, and sequencing of the newly discovered gene.

Background of the Study

  • The study was prompted by the emergence of a new virus in 1994, which affected horses and humans by causing a fatal respiratory disease. This virus was found to be distantly related to other known morbilliviruses and was tentatively named ‘equine morbillivirus‘.
  • The objective of the study was to characterize this new virus for better classification, aiding in the understanding of its pathogenesis and perhaps novel treatment strategies.
  • For this purpose, the virus was purified, proteins within the virus were identified, and a particular gene, now known as P/V/C, was cloned and sequenced.

Findings of the Study

  • The P/V/C gene demonstrates similarities to genes from the Sendai and measles virus, both of which are members of different genera within the Paramyxoviridae family.
  • The gene contains four open reading frames (regions of genes that can be translated into proteins), labeled P, C, and V, which are similar to counterparts found in other members of the Paramyxovirinae subfamily.
  • The P and C proteins were found to be noticeably different in size compared to their counterparts in other subfamily members, while the V protein is produced due to an insertion of a single G (guanine) entity during transcription.

Unique Features of the P/V/C Gene

  • The researchers identified two unique features of the P/V/C gene:
  • The presence of a fourth open reading frame between the C and V proteins, which potentially encodes a small basic protein. Such proteins have been seen in the Rhabdoviridae and Filoviridae virus families.
  • A long untranslated 3′ sequence, a phenomenon common in Filoviridae members, but a novel feature for a Paramyxovirinae member.
  • Additional genetic sequence comparisons reinforced that the virus does belong to the Paramyxovirinae subfamily, however, its homology with other forms of paramyxoviruses and morbilliviruses is fairly low. Alignment with rubulaviruses showed insignificant homologies.

Significance of the Study

  • This research is significant as it opens up new avenues of virus characterization within the Paramyxoviridae family. Understanding the uniqueness of this new virus could potentially lead to novel treatment options for fatal respiratory disease caused by this virus in humans and horses.
  • The unique P/V/C gene, with its fourth open reading frame and long untranslated 3′ sequence, provides a distinctive genetic structure that sets this virus apart from known paramyxoviruses and morbilliviruses.

Cite This Article

APA
Wang LF, Michalski WP, Yu M, Pritchard LI, Crameri G, Shiell B, Eaton BT. (1998). A novel P/V/C gene in a new member of the Paramyxoviridae family, which causes lethal infection in humans, horses, and other animals. J Virol, 72(2), 1482-1490. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.72.2.1482-1490.1998

Publication

Journal of virology
ISSN: 0022-538X
NlmUniqueID: 0113724
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 72
Issue: 2
Pages: 1482-1490

Researcher Affiliations

Wang, L F
  • Australian Animal Health Laboratory, CSIRO Division of Animal Health, Geelong, Victoria.
Michalski, W P
    Yu, M
      Pritchard, L I
        Crameri, G
          Shiell, B
            Eaton, B T

              MeSH Terms

              • Amino Acid Sequence
              • Animals
              • Base Sequence
              • Genes, Viral
              • Horses
              • Humans
              • Molecular Sequence Data
              • Paramyxoviridae / genetics
              • Paramyxoviridae / pathogenicity
              • Paramyxoviridae Infections / virology
              • Sequence Alignment
              • Viral Proteins / genetics
              • Virulence / genetics

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