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Home / Equine Research Bank / Animals (Basel) / A Retrospective Study of Cryptorchidectomy in Horses: Diagno...
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2020; 10(12); doi: 10.3390/ani10122446

A Retrospective Study of Cryptorchidectomy in Horses: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcome and Complications in 70 Cases.

Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the breed predisposition and the diagnostic and surgical management of horses referred for cryptorchidism. The breed, localization of retained testis, diagnosis, type of surgical treatment and complications were analyzed. Seventy horses were included in the study; the Western Riding horse breeds were the most affected (Quarter Horse 34/70, 48.5%; Appaloosa 9/70, 12.8%). In unilateral cryptorchids (65/70, 92.8%) the most common location for a retained testis was the left abdomen (28/65, 43%), while in bilateral cryptorchids (5/70, 7.1%), bilateral abdominal retention was the most frequent (3/5, 6%). Information about testis localization was achieved through transabdominal ultrasound (30/49 cases, 61.2%), through per rectum palpation (21/49 cases, 42.9%) and through inguinal palpation (14/49 cases, 28.9%). Cryptorchidectomy was achieved with standing laparoscopy (44/70 cases, 62.8%), or with open inguinal orchiectomy in general anesthesia (26/70 cases, 37.2%). Complications during laparoscopy were spleen puncture (1/44, 2.2%), a self-limiting bleeding from the spermatic cord (10/44 cases, 22.7%), hyperthermia (3/44 cases, 6.8%), and emphysema (15/44, 34%). During inguinal open cryptorchidectomy difficulties with identifying the inguinal testis during surgery (8/26 cases, 30.8%) and a moderate and self-limiting swelling of the inguinal region after surgery (17/26, 65.4%) were observed. For orchiectomy, a standing laparoscopy was confirmed as the preferred procedure for an abdominally retained testis with almost no complications.
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Publication Date: 2020-12-21 PubMed ID: 33371184PubMed Central: PMC7766679DOI: 10.3390/ani10122446Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study looked into breed predisposition and the diagnosis and surgical management of horses referred for cryptorchidism, a condition where one or both of the testes fail to descend. The study analyzed various factors like breed, localization of retained testis, diagnosis, type of surgical treatment and complications, with a particular emphasis on the Western Riding horse breeds like Quarter Horse and Appaloosa which displayed high prevalence rates of cryptorchidism.

Study and Participants

  • The study included 70 horses, with Western Riding horse breeds, comprising of Quarter Horse and Appaloosa, being the most affected group in the study group.
  • The study mainly included unilateral cryptorchids, horses where one testis hadn’t descended, and a small sample of bilateral cryptorchids, where both testes hadn’t descended.

Findings

  • The researchers discovered that in unilateral cryptorchids, the most frequent location for a retained testis was the left abdomen.
  • For bilateral cryptorchids, the abdomen was the most frequent location for both the retained testes.
  • The location of the testis was identified through transabdominal ultrasound, palpation and inguinal palpation.
  • The surgical treatment for cryptorchidism, Cryptorchidectomy, was administered either through standing laparoscopy or open inguinal orchiectomy in general anesthesia.

Complications

  • The complications faced during laparoscopy included spleen puncture, bleeding from the spermatic cord, hyperthermia, and emphysema.
  • During inguinal open cryptorchidectomy, there were difficulties identifying the inguinal testis during surgery and a moderate and self-limiting swelling of the inguinal region post-surgery.

Conclusion

  • From the study, standing laparoscopy was identified as the preferred procedure for an abdomen retained testis, bringing about almost no complications.

Cite This Article

APA
Straticò P, Varasano V, Guerri G, Celani G, Palozzo A, Petrizzi L. (2020). A Retrospective Study of Cryptorchidectomy in Horses: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcome and Complications in 70 Cases. Animals (Basel), 10(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10122446

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 12

Researcher Affiliations

Straticò, Paola
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Varasano, Vincenzo
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Guerri, Giulia
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Celani, Gianluca
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Palozzo, Adriana
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Petrizzi, Lucio
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 6 times.
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