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Home / Equine Research Bank / Equine Vet J / A review of cellular and molecular mechanisms in endocrinopa...
Equine veterinary journal2023; 55(3); 350-375; doi: 10.1111/evj.13933

A review of cellular and molecular mechanisms in endocrinopathic, sepsis-related and supporting limb equine laminitis.

Abstract: Equine laminitis has both fascinated and frustrated veterinary researchers and clinicians for many years. The recognition that many ponies suffering from pasture-associated laminitis have an insulin-dysregulated phenotype (endocrinopathic laminitis, EL) and that prolonged insulin and glucose infusions can experimentally induce laminar pathology and functional failure are seminal discoveries in this field. Researchers have studied the molecular basis for disease pathogenesis in models of EL, sepsis-related laminitis and supporting limb laminitis and generated much data over the last 15 years. This review attempts to synthesise those data, drawing comparisons between models and naturally occurring laminitis. A hypothesis is proposed that the basal epithelial cell stress is a central event in each category of laminitis. Furthermore, in naturally occurring pasture-associated laminitis, pathways that predominate in each type of laminitis contribute to laminar lamellar pathology to varying extents. Based on the molecular mechanisms determined in experimental models, interactions between these pathways are identified.
© 2023 The Authors. Equine Veterinary Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of EVJ Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2023-03-13 PubMed ID: 36847165DOI: 10.1111/evj.13933Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article reviews the various cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in different types of equine laminitis, a debilitating condition in horses. The researchers propose a hypothesis that basal epithelial cell stress is a key factor in all forms of this disease.

Overview of Equine Laminitis

  • The review covers equine laminitis, a condition that has long baffled veterinary researchers and clinicians. It causes severe pain and lameness in horses, often leading to functional failure of the animal’s hoof.
  • The study examines three types of this disease: endocrinopathic laminitis (EL), sepsis-related laminitis, and supporting limb laminitis.
  • EL is associated with overweight ponies who graze on pastures and have an insulin-dysregulated phenotype, meaning they have abnormal insulin regulation. Extended insulin and glucose infusions can induce the symptoms of this condition.

Study on Molecular Basis of Laminitis

  • In their research, the authors analyzed the molecular basis for disease development and progression in models of EL, sepsis-related laminitis, and supporting limb laminitis. Their work is built on a vast amount of data gathered over 15 years.
  • They drew comparisons among these models and naturally occurring cases of laminitis, trying to identify the similarities and differences.

Key Findings and Hypothesis

  • The authors propose a hypothesis that basal epithelial cell stress is a central event in every type of laminitis. The basal epithelial cells are found in the deepest layer of the epithelium, which covers organs, surfaces of vessels, and other structures in the body.
  • The varying degrees of laminar lamellar pathology observed in naturally occurring pasture-associated laminitis depend on the predominant pathways in each laminitis type. Laminar lamellar pathology refers to damage or disease in the layers of the hoof wall.
  • Based on the molecular mechanisms identified in the experimental models, the authors suggest that interactions among these pathways may contribute to the development and progression of the disease.

Cite This Article

APA
Elliott J, Bailey SR. (2023). A review of cellular and molecular mechanisms in endocrinopathic, sepsis-related and supporting limb equine laminitis. Equine Vet J, 55(3), 350-375. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13933

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 55
Issue: 3
Pages: 350-375

Researcher Affiliations

Elliott, Jonathan
  • Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College University of London, London, UK.
Bailey, Simon R
  • Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Endocrine System Diseases / pathology
  • Endocrine System Diseases / veterinary
  • Foot Diseases / pathology
  • Foot Diseases / veterinary
  • Hoof and Claw / pathology
  • Horse Diseases / pathology
  • Horses
  • Insulin
  • Sepsis / complications
  • Sepsis / veterinary
  • Male
  • Female

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