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International journal of molecular sciences2023; 24(6); 5166; doi: 10.3390/ijms24065166

Amniotic Mesenchymal-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Their Role in the Prevention of Persistent Post-Breeding Induced Endometritis.

Abstract: Persistent post-breeding induced endometritis (PPBIE) is considered a major cause of subfertility in mares. It consists of persistent or delayed uterine inflammation in susceptible mares. There are many options for the treatment of PPBIE, but in this study, a novel approach aimed at preventing the onset of PPBIE was investigated. Stallion semen was supplemented with extracellular vesicles derived from amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (AMSC-EVs) at the time of insemination to prevent or limit the development of PPBIE. Before use in mares, a dose-response curve was produced to evaluate the effect of AMSC-EVs on spermatozoa, and an optimal concentration of 400 × 10 EVs with 10 × 10 spermatozoa/mL was identified. At this concentration, sperm mobility parameters were not negatively affected. Sixteen susceptible mares were enrolled and inseminated with semen (n = 8; control group) or with semen supplemented with EVs (n = 8; EV group). The supplementation of AMSC-EVs to semen resulted in a reduction in polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) infiltration as well as intrauterine fluid accumulation (IUF; < 0.05). There was a significant reduction in intrauterine cytokine levels ( < 0.05) for TNF-α and IL-6 and an increase in anti-inflammatory IL-10 in mares in the EV group, suggesting successful modulation of the post-insemination inflammatory response. This procedure may be useful for mares susceptible to PPBIE.
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Publication Date: 2023-03-08 PubMed ID: 36982240PubMed Central: PMC10049450DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065166Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research examines a new method of preventing the onset of persistent post-breeding induced endometritis (PPBIE), a common cause of subfertility in mares. It involves the supplementation of stallion semen with extracellular vesicles derived from amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (AMSC-EVs), which is shown to effectively limit inflammation after insemination.

Objective of the Research

  • The main purpose of this study was to investigate a novel approach with the potential to prevent or limit the development of persistent post-breeding induced endometritis.
  • To accomplish this, the researchers supplemented stallion semen with AMSC-EVs at the time of insemination.

Methodology

  • Before use in mares, a dose-response curve was created to analyse the effect of AMSC-EVs on spermatozoa. Researchers found an optimal concentration of 400 × 10 EVs with 10 × 10 spermatozoa/mL that didn’t adversely affect sperm mobility parameters.
  • In the actual study, sixteen mares susceptible to PPBIE were inseminated with either semen alone (control group, n = 8) or semen supplemented with EVs (EV group, n = 8).

Findings

  • The research found that the supplementation of AMSC-EVs to semen resulted in a reduction in polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) infiltration as well as in intrauterine fluid accumulation, both of which are necessary for preventing the onset of PPBIE.
  • Furthermore, the intrauterine cytokine levels significantly reduced for TNF-α and IL-6, while there was an increase in anti-inflammatory IL-10 for mares in the EV group.
  • This is indicative of a successful modulation of the post-insemination inflammatory response, and thus, this procedure might be beneficial for mares prone to PPBIE.

Concluding Remarks

  • The research provides novel insights into a preventive measure for PPBIE, a predominant cause of subfertility among mares.
  • Supplementing semen with AMSC-EVs showed marked decrease in inflammation after insemination, representing promising implications for the treatment of PPBIE.

Cite This Article

APA
(2023). Amniotic Mesenchymal-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Their Role in the Prevention of Persistent Post-Breeding Induced Endometritis. Int J Mol Sci, 24(6), 5166. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065166

Publication

International journal of molecular sciences
ISSN: 1422-0067
NlmUniqueID: 101092791
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 24
Issue: 6
PII: 5166

Researcher Affiliations

MeSH Terms

  • Humans
  • Male
  • Horses
  • Animals
  • Female
  • Endometritis / prevention & control
  • Endometritis / veterinary
  • Insemination, Artificial / veterinary
  • Insemination, Artificial / methods
  • Semen
  • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
  • Disease Susceptibility

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 5 times.
  1. Gaspari G, Funghi F, Cantile C, Camillo F, Panzani D, Maltinti S, Fanelli D, Moroni R, Cremonesi F, Gagni P, Lange-Consiglio A. Amniotic Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Equine Chronic Degenerative Endometritis Treatment. Vet Med Sci 2026 Mar;12(2):e70685.
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  3. Gaspari G, Lange-Consiglio A, Cremonesi F, Desantis S. Role of Glycans in Equine Endometrial Cell Uptake of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Amniotic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2025 Feb 19;26(4).
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