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Genes2020; 11(10); 1143; doi: 10.3390/genes11101143

An Integrative miRNA-mRNA Expression Analysis Reveals Striking Transcriptomic Similarities between Severe Equine Asthma and Specific Asthma Endotypes in Humans.

Abstract: Severe equine asthma is an incurable obstructive respiratory condition affecting 10-15% of horses in temperate climates. Upon exposure to airborne antigens from hay feeding, affected horses show neutrophilic airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction, leading to increased respiratory effort. The resulting implications range from welfare concerns to economic impacts on equestrian sports and horse breeding. Immunological and pathophysiological characteristics of severe equine asthma show important parallels with allergic and severe neutrophilic human asthma. Our study aimed at investigating regulatory networks underlying the pathophysiology of the disease by profiling miRNA and mRNA expression in lung tissue samples from asthmatic horses compared with healthy controls. We sequenced small RNAs and mRNAs from lungs of seven asthmatic horses in exacerbation, five affected horses in remission, and eight healthy control horses. Our comprehensive differential expression analyses, combined with the miRNA-mRNA negative correlation approach, revealed a strong similarity on the transcriptomic level between severe equine asthma and severe neutrophilic asthma in humans, potentially through affecting Th17 cell differentiation. This study also showed that several dysregulated miRNAs and mRNAs are involved in airway remodeling. These results present a starting point for a better transcriptomic understanding of severe equine asthma and its similarities to asthma in humans.
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Publication Date: 2020-09-28 PubMed ID: 32998415PubMed Central: PMC7600650DOI: 10.3390/genes11101143Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article focuses on a comparative study between Severe Equine Asthma and certain types of asthma in humans, specifically by measuring miRNA and mRNA expression. It finds substantial transcriptomic similarities between these two forms of asthma, furthering our understanding of both diseases.

Research Objectives

  • The main objective of the study was to explore the regulatory networks underlying the pathophysiology of severe equine asthma. This was accomplished by profiling miRNA and mRNA expression in lung tissue samples from asthmatic and healthy horses.
  • The researchers also wanted to compare these findings with human instances of asthma, particularly severe neutrophilic asthma.

Methods

  • The study used lung tissue samples from a variety of horses, including seven horses that were actively experiencing asthma, five horses in remission from asthma, and eight healthy horses.
  • The researchers sequenced small RNAs and mRNAs from these samples to study their differential expression.

Findings

  • Through differential expression analysis and related studies focused on the negative correlation between miRNA and mRNA, the researchers discovered that severe equine asthma and severe neutrophilic human asthma exhibit a strong transcriptomic similarity.
  • This similarity was particularly evident in the impact on Th17 cell differentiation.
  • The study found that several dysregulated miRNAs and mRNAs are involved in causing structural changes in the airways, a process known as “airway remodeling”.

Implications

  • The results of this research provide a foundation for a deeper transcriptomic understanding of severe equine asthma and its similarities to human asthma.
  • This could potentially lead to new therapeutic strategies that could benefit both horses and humans suffering from specific asthma endotypes.
  • The study further reinforces the importance of comparative medicine in identifying disease patterns across species, thereby enabling more targeted and effective treatments.

Cite This Article

APA
Hulliger MF, Pacholewska A, Vargas A, Lavoie JP, Leeb T, Gerber V, Jagannathan V. (2020). An Integrative miRNA-mRNA Expression Analysis Reveals Striking Transcriptomic Similarities between Severe Equine Asthma and Specific Asthma Endotypes in Humans. Genes (Basel), 11(10), 1143. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11101143

Publication

Genes
ISSN: 2073-4425
NlmUniqueID: 101551097
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 10
PII: 1143

Researcher Affiliations

Hulliger, Matthias F
  • Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
  • Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Pacholewska, Alicja
  • Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
  • Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Vargas, Amandine
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, 3200 rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada.
Lavoie, Jean-Pierre
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, 3200 rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada.
Leeb, Tosso
  • Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Gerber, Vincent
  • Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Jagannathan, Vidhya
  • Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Asthma / genetics
  • Asthma / metabolism
  • Asthma / pathology
  • Computational Biology / methods
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Horse Diseases / genetics
  • Horse Diseases / metabolism
  • Horse Diseases / pathology
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • MicroRNAs / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Transcriptome

Grant Funding

  • PJT-148807 / Canadian institute of health research

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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