Anatomical transverse magnetic resonance imaging study of ligaments in palmar surface of metacarpus in Miniature donkey: identification of a new ligament.

The study explores the tendons and ligaments in the palmar region of the metacarpus in Miniature donkeys, identifying a new ligament, which contributes to the animal’s ability to support weight and load over long periods.

Research Objective

• The primary objective of this research was to identify and study the tendons, ligaments, and their accessories found on the palmar surface of the metacarpus in Miniature donkeys, an area crucial for the animal’s weight-bearing ‘stay apparatus’.

Methods Used

• The researchers used anatomical and trans-sectional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies. MRIs are reliable techniques for evaluating soft tissues like tendons and ligaments.
• Six healthy Miniature donkeys were euthanised to prepare the palmar aspects of their metacarpus for the MRI study.

Key Results

• The suspensory ligament, the deep digital flexor tendon, and its inferior check ligament in the donkeys were found to be similar to those in horses.
• The researchers discovered the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) in the donkeys had a superior check ligament present before the carpal joint. This was not observed in horses.
• A second accessory ligament for the SDFT was discovered, originating from the proximal of the palmar surface of the large metacarpal bone. The researchers named this the second accessory ligament of the SDFT. This ligament was also identified in the MRI images.

Conclusions

• The study concludes that the presence of the second accessory ligament of SDFT is particular to Miniature donkeys.
• This ligament is believed to enable Miniature donkeys to support more weight and load for longer periods and distances.
• This discovery indicates a species-specific morphological feature that enhances the understanding of the Miniature donkey’s anatomy, particularly in relation to its load-bearing capacity.