Anatomy of the Right and Left Ventricular Subvalvular Apparatus of the Horse (Equus caballus).
Abstract: Due to the growing interest among veterinarians and the increasing market demands, the development of equine cardiology is necessary. Currently, veterinary medicine for companion animals needs to catch up to human medicine-equine medicine included. A common condition in older horses is aortic valve regurgitation resulting from fibrosis, while its more severe form occurs in younger horses or develops due to a bacterial infection. Mitral valve regurgitation, especially dangerous due to the possibility of sudden death, has a better prognosis if the horse has valve prolapse. Tricuspid valve regurgitation usually does not pose a clinical problem, although its severe cases may lead to heart failure. Some pathologies can be treated surgically, which requires excellent knowledge of anatomy. The object of this study consisted of twenty domestic horse hearts. The focus was on the normal and comparative anatomy of the left and right subvalvular apparatus. The number of muscular bellies of the papillary muscles and the type of connection of the muscles were analysed. Moreover, the height of muscle originating from the ventricle wall was determined, the morphological regularity of the papillary muscle was assessed, and the chordae tendineae originating from the papillary muscles were examined. The conducted research allowed for comparing domestic horses with different species through other studies, the authors of which described this particular aspect. Interspecies similarities which may be correlated with the evolutionary relatedness, as well as differences that could reflect adaptation to different lifestyles, environmental conditions, or metabolic requirements of the animals, have been found. This study expands the knowledge of animals' normal and comparative anatomy, and contributes to the development of veterinary surgery, internal medicine, and biology.
Publication Date: 2024-09-03 PubMed ID: 39272348DOI: 10.3390/ani14172563Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The article presents a comprehensive study on the structure of right and left parts of the subvalvular apparatus in domestic horses. The research contributes to a deeper understanding of equine cardiology, directly influencing procedures of veterinary surgery and internal medicine.
Study Objective and Overview
- The aim of this study was to understand the normal and comparative anatomy of the right and left subvalvular apparatus in horses.
- The importance of the study is drawn from increasing demands in the veterinary market and the need to advance veterinary cardiology to the level of human cardiology.
- The study focuses on common conditions like aortic valve regurgitation, mitral valve regurgitation and tricuspid valve regurgitation in horses, acknowledging their various effects on the health of the horse.
Research Method and Analysis
- A total of twenty hearts of domestic horses were the object of the research.
- The research was conducted by analyzing the structure of the subvalvular apparatus, including the number of muscular bellies of the papillary muscles and their connective types.
- The study also determined the height of muscles originating from the ventricular wall and assessed the morphological regularity of the papillary muscle.
- It examined the chordae tendineae, strings attached to the heart valves, which stemmed from the papillary muscles.
Results and Significance
- One of the significant outcomes of this research was the comparison of the anatomy of domestic horses with different species.
- The results identified interspecies similarities that could indicate evolutionary relatedness and differences that could signal adaptation to varied life patterns, environmental conditions, or metabolic needs of the animals.
- This research significantly contributes to the understanding of normal and comparative veterinary anatomy and benefits veterinary surgery, internal medicine, and biology.
Cite This Article
APA
Bielińska K, Butkiewicz AF, Ziemak H, Zdun M.
(2024).
Anatomy of the Right and Left Ventricular Subvalvular Apparatus of the Horse (Equus caballus).
Animals (Basel), 14(17), 2563.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14172563 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Szosa Bydgoska 13, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
- Department of Animal Anatomy, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60-625 Poznan, Poland.
Citations
This article has been cited 0 times.Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
