Anisotropic Poisson’s ratio and compression modulus of cortical bone determined by speckle interferometry.
Abstract: Young's modulus and Poisson's ratios of 6mm-sized cubes of equine cortical bone were measured in compression using a micro-mechanical loading device. Surface displacements were determined by electronic speckle pattern-correlation interferometry. This method allows for non-destructive testing of very small samples in water. Analyses of standard materials showed that the method is accurate and precise for determining both Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio. Material properties were determined concurrently in three orthogonal anatomic directions (axial, radial and transverse). Young's modulus values were found to be anisotropic and consistent with values of equine cortical bone reported in the literature. Poisson's ratios were also found to be anisotropic, but lower than those previously reported. Poisson's ratios for the radial-transverse and transverse-radial directions were 0.15+/-0.02, for the axial-transverse and axial-radial directions 0.19+/-0.04, and for the transverse-axial and radial-axial direction 0.09+/-0.02 (mean+/-SD). Cubes located only millimetres apart had significantly different elastic properties, showing that significant spatial variation occurs in equine cortical bone.
Publication Date: 2006-03-24 PubMed ID: 16563402DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2006.01.021Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- N.I.H.
- Extramural
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This study uses a micro-mechanical loading device and speckle pattern-correlation interferometry to measure the Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratios of small equine cortical bone samples. This method has been shown to accurately determine these properties in a nondestructive manner for small samples in water. The study found that the mechanical properties of these bone samples are anisotropic, meaning their properties change when measured in different directions.
Research Methodology and Findings
The researchers in this study have employed two main tools for the purpose of the tests:
- A micro-mechanical loading device, which applies compression to the bone samples.
- Surface displacements were determined using electronic speckle pattern-correlation interferometry, an optical method for measuring displacement and deformation at the surface of an object. This method is advantageous because it allows for non-destructive testing of very small samples.
The analyses of standard materials have shown that this method is accurate and precise for determining both Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio.
Anisotropic Nature and Values of Mechanical Properties
The researchers noticed that the properties were determined concurrently in three orthogonal anatomic directions: axial, radial, and transverse.
The Young’s modulus values showed anisotropy, meaning that they differ when measured along different axes. This observation is consistent with the existing literature on equine cortical bones.
Not only was the Young’s modulus anisotropic, but the Poisson’s ratios were also anisotropic and lower than previously reported values. Here are the recorded Poisson’s ratios:
- For the radial-transverse and transverse-radial directions, a ratio of 0.15+/-0.02 was recorded.
- For the axial-transverse and axial-radial directions, a ratio of 0.19+/-0.04 was found.
- And for the transverse-axial and radial-axial direction, a ratio of 0.09+/-0.02 (mean+/-SD) was found.
Moreover, bone samples that were just millimetres apart showed significantly different elastic properties. This indicates that there is a considerable spatial variation occurring within the equine cortical bone.
These findings are valuable as they provide fresh insights on the mechanical behavior of equine cortical bones, possibly leading to advancements in fields such as orthopedics and material science.
Cite This Article
APA
Shahar R, Zaslansky P, Barak M, Friesem AA, Currey JD, Weiner S.
(2006).
Anisotropic Poisson’s ratio and compression modulus of cortical bone determined by speckle interferometry.
J Biomech, 40(2), 252-264.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2006.01.021 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, 76100 Rehorot, Israel. shahar@agri.huji.ac.il
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Anisotropy
- Biomechanical Phenomena
- Bone and Bones
- Compressive Strength
- Female
- Horses
- Interferometry
- Male
- Poisson Distribution
Grant Funding
- R01 DE006954 / NIDCR NIH HHS
Citations
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