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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Gen Virol / Antigenic and genetic evolution of equine H3N8 influenza A v...
The Journal of general virology1996; 77 ( Pt 4); 661-671; doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-77-4-661

Antigenic and genetic evolution of equine H3N8 influenza A viruses.

Abstract: Evolution of equine influenza a H3N8 viruses was examined by antigenic and genetic analysis of a collection isolates from around the world. It was noted that antigenic and genetic variants of equine H3N8 viruses cocirculate, and in particular that variants currently circulating in Europe and the USA are distinguishable from one another both in terms of antigenic reactivity and genetic structure of the HA1 portion of the haemagglutinin (HA) molecule. Whilst the divergent evolution of American and European isolates may be due to geographical isolation of the two gene pools, some mixing is believed to occur as 'American-like' viruses have been isolated during outbreaks of equine influenza in the UK. The cocirculation of two antigenically and genetically distinct lineages of equine influenza H3N8 viruses has serious implications for vaccine strain selection.
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Publication Date: 1996-04-01 PubMed ID: 8627254DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-77-4-661Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • U.S. Gov't
  • Non-P.H.S.

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article investigates the evolution of the H3N8 strain of the equine influenza A virus from a genetic and antigenic perspective and highlights the impact of its findings on potential vaccine development.

Antigenic and Genetic Analysis of H3N8

  • The study begins by investigating the evolutionary patterns of the H3N8 strain of equine influenza A viruses through a comprehensive antigenic and genetic analysis. The viruses were isolated from different regions across the globe to curate a diverse collection for the study.
  • The research pointed out that there is co-circulation of various antigenic and genetic variants of the H3N8 virus. This coexistence and circulation of different versions of the same virus indicate a high degree of genetic diversity and complexity in the evolution of the virus.

Divergent Evolution of American and European Isolates

  • The study notes a significant divergence between the American and European variants of the virus, both in terms of their antigenic reactivity and the genetic structure of their HA1 portion of HA molecule.
  • The divergence was attributed to the geographical isolation between Europe and the USA, which has potentially led to the development of two separate gene pools for the virus.
  • Despite the geographical isolation, the research found evidence of some degree of genetic mixing, as ‘American-like’ viruses were identified in the UK following outbreaks of equine influenza.

Implications for Vaccine Development

  • The research has significant implications for the development of vaccines for the H3N8 strain of the equine influenza A virus.
  • The co-circulation of two genetically and antigenically distinct lineages of the H3N8 virus poses challenges for vaccine strain selection. This is due to the fact that a vaccine that is effective on one variant of the virus may not be as effective on another variant.
  • The divergence and diversity of the variants of the virus require careful consideration when developing a vaccine to ensure wide-reaching effectiveness.

Cite This Article

APA
Daly JM, Lai AC, Binns MM, Chambers TM, Barrandeguy M, Mumford JA. (1996). Antigenic and genetic evolution of equine H3N8 influenza A viruses. J Gen Virol, 77 ( Pt 4), 661-671. https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-77-4-661

Publication

The Journal of general virology
ISSN: 0022-1317
NlmUniqueID: 0077340
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 77 ( Pt 4)
Pages: 661-671

Researcher Affiliations

Daly, J M
  • Centre for Preventive Medicine, Animal Health Trust, Suffolk, UK.
Lai, A C
    Binns, M M
      Chambers, T M
        Barrandeguy, M
          Mumford, J A

            MeSH Terms

            • Amino Acid Sequence
            • Animals
            • Antibodies, Viral / immunology
            • Antigens, Viral / classification
            • Antigens, Viral / immunology
            • Biological Evolution
            • Chick Embryo
            • Equidae / virology
            • Evolution, Molecular
            • Ferrets / immunology
            • Genes, Viral
            • Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests
            • Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus
            • Hemagglutinins, Viral / genetics
            • Hemagglutinins, Viral / immunology
            • Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype
            • Influenza A virus / classification
            • Influenza A virus / immunology
            • Molecular Sequence Data
            • Phylogeny
            • Sequence Homology, Amino Acid

            Citations

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