Omneity® Pellets
All-In-One Vitamin & Mineral Pellet
Antimicrobial resistance trends among Salmonella isolates obtained from horses in the northeastern United States (2001-2013).
Abstract: OBJECTIVE To describe the antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella isolates obtained from horses in the northeastern United States and to identify trends in resistance to select antimicrobials over time. SAMPLE 462 Salmonella isolates from horses. PROCEDURES Retrospective data were collected for all Salmonella isolates obtained from equine specimens that were submitted to the Cornell University Animal Health Diagnostic Center between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2013. Temporal trends in the prevalence of resistant Salmonella isolates were investigated for each of 13 antimicrobials by use of the Cochran-Armitage trend test. RESULTS The prevalence of resistant isolates varied among antimicrobials and ranged from 0% (imipenem) to 51.5% (chloramphenicol). During the observation period, the prevalence of resistant isolates decreased significantly for amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin, cefazolin, cefoxitin, ceftiofur, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline and remained negligible for amikacin and enrofloxacin. Of the 337 isolates for which the susceptibility to all 13 antimicrobials was determined, 138 (40.9%) were pansusceptible and 192 (57.0%) were multidrug resistant (resistant to ≥ 3 antimicrobial classes). The most common serovar isolated was Salmonella Newport, and although the annual prevalence of that serovar decreased significantly over time, that decrease had only a minimal effect on the observed antimicrobial resistance trends. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that current antimicrobial use in horses is not promoting the emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella strains in the region served by the laboratory.
Publication Date: 2016-04-26 PubMed ID: 27111018DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.77.5.505Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The article discusses the trends in antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella strains isolated from horses in the northeastern part of the United States, over a span of 13 years (2001-2013). The findings suggest that although the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance varies, it is not increasing, implying that the current use of antimicrobials in horses is not contributing to the development and spread of drug-resistant Salmonella.
Research Methodology
- The study conducted retrospectively, collected data from Salmonella samples obtained from horse specimens that were submitted to the Cornell University Animal Health Diagnostic Center from January 2001 to December 2013.
- The resistance trends for thirteen specific antimicrobials were analyzed over time using the Cochran-Armitage trend test.
Key Findings
- The resistance to different antimicrobials varied, with 0% for imipenem and 51.5% for chloramphenicol.
- Over the research period, the prevalence of resistance decreased significantly for seven of the thirteen observed antimicrobials: amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin, cefazolin, cefoxitin, ceftiofur, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline.
- The susceptibility to all thirteen antimicrobials was determined for 337 isolates, revealing that 40.9% were pansusceptible (sensitive to all drugs) and 57% were multidrug resistant (resistant to three or more classes of drugs).
- The most commonly discovered serovar was Salmonella Newport. Despite its prevalence decreasing notably over time, this did not substantially impact the overall observed antimicrobial resistance trends.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance
- The study concludes that current antimicrobial practices in horses in this region are not driving the emergence and spread of drug-resistant strains of Salmonella.
- These results have significant implications for veterinary practices, reinforcing the importance of judicious use of antibiotics to prevent the development of drug resistance.
- The monitoring of antimicrobial resistance patterns is crucial in informing effective treatment strategies and antibiotic stewardship programs in veterinary medicine.
Cite This Article
APA
Cummings KJ, Perkins GA, Khatibzadeh SM, Warnick LD, Aprea VA, Altier C.
(2016).
Antimicrobial resistance trends among Salmonella isolates obtained from horses in the northeastern United States (2001-2013).
Am J Vet Res, 77(5), 505-513.
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.77.5.505 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Anti-Infective Agents / administration & dosage
- Anti-Infective Agents / pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
- Enrofloxacin
- Fluoroquinolones / administration & dosage
- Fluoroquinolones / pharmacology
- Horses
- Microbial Sensitivity Tests / veterinary
- New England / epidemiology
- Prevalence
- Retrospective Studies
- Salmonella / drug effects
- Salmonella / isolation & purification
- Salmonella Infections, Animal / drug therapy
- Salmonella Infections, Animal / epidemiology
- Salmonella Infections, Animal / microbiology
- Tetracycline / administration & dosage
- Tetracycline / pharmacology
Citations
This article has been cited 12 times.- Hu D, Yang J, Qi Y, Li B, Li K, Mok KM. Metagenomic Analysis of Fecal Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryota, and Virus in Przewalski's Horses Following Anthelmintic Treatment. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:708512.
- Dor Z, Shnaiderman-Torban A, Kondratyeva K, Davidovich-Cohen M, Rokney A, Steinman A, Navon-Venezia S. Emergence and Spread of Different ESBL-Producing Salmonella enterica Serovars in Hospitalized Horses Sharing a Highly Transferable IncM2 CTX-M-3-Encoding Plasmid. Front Microbiol 2020;11:616032.
- Redpath A, Hallowell GD, Bowen IM. Use of aminoglycoside antibiotics in equine clinical practice; a questionnaire-based study of current use. Vet Med Sci 2021 Mar;7(2):279-288.
- Lönker NS, Fechner K, Wahed AAE. Horses as a Crucial Part of One Health. Vet Sci 2020 Feb 29;7(1).
- Zhang M, Wang C, O'Connor A. A hierarchical Bayesian latent class mixture model with censorship for detection of linear temporal changes in antibiotic resistance. PLoS One 2020;15(1):e0220427.
- Leon IM, Lawhon SD, Norman KN, Threadgill DS, Ohta N, Vinasco J, Scott HM. Serotype Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance among Salmonella enterica Isolates from Patients at an Equine Referral Hospital. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018 Jul 1;84(13).
- AlAbdulhadi SAS, Hassan LA, Alrawi DDM, Badr IH, El-Sehrawy AAMA, Panigrahi R, Singh AK, Jenifer DR, Sharma V, Sholeh M. Global in silico genomic epidemiology of tetracycline resistance in Staphylococcus aureus: one health dynamics and genotype-phenotype associations. Mol Genet Genomics 2026 Mar 6;301(1).
- Simó-Martínez MS, Marco-Fuertes A, Galán-Relaño Á, Astorga Márquez RJ, Marin C, Valero Díaz A, Vega S. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Salmonella in Asymptomatic Horses in Eastern Spain: A One Health Perspective. Animals (Basel) 2025 Nov 26;15(23).
- Basso RM, Cerri FM, Possebon FS, Braga PRC, Casas MRT, Oliveira-Filho JP, Araújo Júnior JP, Ribeiro MG, Arroyo LG, Borges AS. Whole-genome sequencing of Salmonella serovars isolated from diarrheic and non-diarrheic foals. J Vet Diagn Invest 2025 Mar;37(2):363-366.
- Kabir A, Kelley WG, Glover C, Erol E, Helmy YA. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of antimicrobial resistance and virulence profiles of Salmonella enterica serotypes isolated from necropsied horses in Kentucky. Microbiol Spectr 2025 Mar 4;13(3):e0250124.
- Eydi J, Tukmechi A. Drug resistance and virulence-associated genes screening in Salmonella enterica isolated from Caspian pony, Iran. Vet Res Forum 2024;15(9):481-486.
- Kabir A, Lamichhane B, Habib T, Adams A, El-Sheikh Ali H, Slovis NM, Troedsson MHT, Helmy YA. Antimicrobial Resistance in Equines: A Growing Threat to Horse Health and Beyond-A Comprehensive Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024 Jul 29;13(8).
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
