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Journal of veterinary internal medicine2018; 32(3); 1092-1099; doi: 10.1111/jvim.15083

Barriers to and enablers of implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs in veterinary practices.

Abstract: Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs are yet to be widely implemented in veterinary practice and medical programs are unlikely to be directly applicable to veterinary settings. Objective: To gain an in-depth understanding of the factors that influence effective AMS in veterinary practices in Australia. Methods: A concurrent explanatory mixed methods design was used. The quantitative phase of the study consisted of an online questionnaire to assess veterinarians' attitudes to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antimicrobial use in animals, and the extent to which AMS currently is implemented (knowingly or unknowingly). The qualitative phase used semi-structured interviews to gain an understanding of the barriers to and enablers of AMS in veterinary practices. Data were collected and entered into NVivo v.11, openly coded and analyzed according to mixed methods data analysis principles. Results: Companion animal, equine, and bovine veterinarians participated in the study. Veterinary practices rarely had antimicrobial prescribing policies. The key barriers were a lack of AMS governance structures, client expectations and competition between practices, cost of microbiological testing, and lack of access to education, training and AMS resources. The enablers were concern for the role of veterinary antimicrobial use in development of AMR in humans, a sense of pride in the service provided, and preparedness to change prescribing practices. Conclusions: Our study can guide development and establishment of AMS programs in veterinary practices by defining the major issues that influence the prescribing behavior of veterinarians.
Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2018-03-23 PubMed ID: 29573053PubMed Central: PMC5980358DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15083Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article is about understanding the factors that affect the implementation of Antimicrobial Stewardship (AMS) programs in veterinary practices in Australia. The research employed both qualitative and quantitative methods and revealed several barriers and enablers to AMS implementation, which can guide the setup of these programs.

Research Approach

  • The researchers used a concurrent explanatory mixed methods design to deepen their understanding of the factors affecting the successful implementation of AMS programs in veterinary practices.
  • The quantitative phase included an online survey to gauge veterinarians’ attitudes towards antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antimicrobial use in animals. The survey also looked at how widely AMS programs were currently being implemented, either knowingly or unknowingly.
  • The qualitative phase used semi-structured interviews to understand the barriers and enablers of AMS in veterinary practices.
  • The collected data was entered into NVivo v.11 software, openly coded and then analyzed according to mixed methods data analysis principles.

Findings

  • The study included companion animal, equine, and bovine veterinarians.
  • The results confirmed that veterinary practices infrequently had antimicrobial prescribing policies.
  • Key barriers to the implementation of AMS programs were found to be a lack of AMS governance structures, client expectations and competition between practices, cost of microbiological testing, and lack of access to education, training and AMS resources.
  • Factors enabling AMS implementation were the concern for the role of veterinary antimicrobial use in the development of AMR in humans, a sense of pride in the service provided, and an openness to change prescribing practices.

Conclusions

  • The study concludes that the findings can direct the formation and establishment of AMS programs in veterinary practices. It specifically notes the importance of addressing the major challenges that influence the prescribing behavior of veterinarians.

Cite This Article

APA
Hardefeldt LY, Gilkerson JR, Billman-Jacobe H, Stevenson MA, Thursky K, Bailey KE, Browning GF. (2018). Barriers to and enablers of implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs in veterinary practices. J Vet Intern Med, 32(3), 1092-1099. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15083

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 32
Issue: 3
Pages: 1092-1099

Researcher Affiliations

Hardefeldt, Laura Y
  • Department of Veterinary and Agricultural Biosciences, Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
  • National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Peter Doherty Institute, Grattan St, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
Gilkerson, J R
  • Department of Veterinary and Agricultural Biosciences, Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Billman-Jacobe, H
  • Department of Veterinary and Agricultural Biosciences, Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
  • National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Peter Doherty Institute, Grattan St, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
Stevenson, M A
  • Department of Veterinary and Agricultural Biosciences, Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Thursky, K
  • National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Peter Doherty Institute, Grattan St, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
Bailey, K E
  • Department of Veterinary and Agricultural Biosciences, Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
  • National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Peter Doherty Institute, Grattan St, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
Browning, G F
  • Department of Veterinary and Agricultural Biosciences, Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
  • National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Peter Doherty Institute, Grattan St, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Antimicrobial Stewardship / organization & administration
  • Attitude of Health Personnel
  • Australia
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Interviews as Topic
  • Male
  • Practice Management, Veterinary / organization & administration
  • Practice Management, Veterinary / standards
  • Program Development
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Veterinarians
  • Veterinary Medicine / organization & administration
  • Veterinary Medicine / standards

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