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Home / Equine Research Bank / PLoS One / Blood glucose and subcutaneous continuous glucose monitoring...
PloS one2021; 16(2); e0247561; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247561

Blood glucose and subcutaneous continuous glucose monitoring in critically ill horses: A pilot study.

Abstract: This pilot prospective study reports the feasibility, management and cost of the use of a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system in critically ill adult horses and foals. We compared the glucose measurements obtained by the CGM device with blood glucose (BG) concentrations. Neonatal foals (0-2 weeks of age) and adult horses (> 1 year old) admitted in the period of March-May 2016 with clinical and laboratory parameters compatible with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) were included. Glucose concentration was monitored every 4 hours on blood samples with a point-of-care (POC) glucometer and with a blood gas analyzer. A CGM system was also placed on six adults and four foals but recordings were successfully obtained only in four adults and one foal. Glucose concentrations corresponded fairly well between BG and CGM, however, there appeared to be a lag time for interstitial glucose levels. Fluctuations of glucose in the interstitial fluid did not always follow the same trend as BG. CGM identified peaks and drops that would have been missed with conventional glucose monitoring. The use of CGM system is feasible in ill horses and may provide clinically relevant information on glucose levels, but there are several challenges that need to be resolved for the system to gain more widespread usability.
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Publication Date: 2021-02-24 PubMed ID: 33626099PubMed Central: PMC7904136DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247561Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study presents results of a pilot project investigating the possibility and practicality of using a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system for critically ill horses. The study shows that while the system can feasibly be used to monitor glucose levels in these animals, some glitches need addressing before large-scale application.

Objective and Method

  • The study aimed to find out whether a CGM system could be used feasibly to keep tabs on glucose levels in critically ill horses.
  • The CGM system was tested on neonatal foals aged between 0 and 2 weeks and adult horses over a year old, all showing symptoms of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), admitted between March and May 2016.
  • The researchers monitored the glucose concentration every 4 hours with a point-of-care (POC) glucometer and a blood gas analyzer. The CGM system was also used on six adults and four foals.

Results

  • Recordings were successfully obtained from four adults and one foal using the CGM system.
  • Comparing the results from both the BG and CGM, the researchers found the glucose concentrations to be largely consistent. However, there seemed to be a delay in the time it took for the interstitial glucose levels to be reported through the CGM.
  • Notably, fluctuations in interstitial fluid glucose levels did not always match the blood glucose trend.
  • The CGM system was able to pick up on peaks and drops in glucose level that would have been missed through typical glucose monitoring methods.

Challenges

  • The study acknowledged the fact that there were several spills and trips that need to be addressed before the system can be used on a wider scale.

Conclusion

  • The paper concludes by suggesting that the CGM system can potentially provide important information about glucose levels in critically ill horses, but technical hitches need to be rectified for the system to gain more widespread usability.

Cite This Article

APA
Vitale V, Berg LC, Larsen BB, Hannesdottir A, Dybdahl Thomsen P, Laursen SH, Verwilghen D, van Galen G. (2021). Blood glucose and subcutaneous continuous glucose monitoring in critically ill horses: A pilot study. PLoS One, 16(2), e0247561. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247561

Publication

PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
NlmUniqueID: 101285081
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Pages: e0247561
PII: e0247561

Researcher Affiliations

Vitale, Valentina
  • University Teaching Hospital, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia.
Berg, Lise C
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark.
Larsen, Bettina Birch
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark.
Hannesdottir, Andrea
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark.
Dybdahl Thomsen, Preben
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark.
Laursen, Sigrid Hyldahl
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark.
Verwilghen, Denis
  • University Teaching Hospital, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia.
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark.
van Galen, Gaby
  • University Teaching Hospital, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia.
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • Critical Illness
  • Horses
  • Monitoring, Physiologic
  • Pilot Projects
  • Prospective Studies
  • Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / blood
  • Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / veterinary

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Liu G, Cheng S, Wan L, Li Y, Zhao Q, Liu J, Jiang X. Correlation analysis of NT-proBNP (N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide), 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, HMGB1(High-mobility group box 1), ACTA (endogenous activin A), blood glucose level, and electrolyte level with developmental quotient scores in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. BMC Pediatr 2022 Dec 28;22(1):739.
    doi: 10.1186/s12887-022-03606-6pubmed: 36577981google scholar: lookup
  2. Velineni S, Schiltz P, Chang KH, Peng YM, Cowles B. Accuracy and validation of a point-of-care blood glucose monitoring system for use in horses. Front Vet Sci 2024;11:1436714.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1436714pubmed: 39450406google scholar: lookup
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