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Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN2016; 61(1); 61-78; doi: 10.1007/s12031-016-0805-9

Central Nervous System and Vertebrae Development in Horses: a Chronological Study with Differential Temporal Expression of Nestin and GFAP.

Abstract: The neural system is one of the earliest systems to develop and the last to be fully developed after birth. This study presents a detailed description of organogenesis of the central nervous system (CNS) at equine embryonic/fetal development between 19 and 115 days of pregnancy. The expression of two important biomarkers in the main structure of the nervous system responsible for neurogenesis in the adult individual, and in the choroid plexus, was demonstrated by Nestin and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) co-labeling. In the 29th day of pregnancy in the undifferentiated lateral ventricle wall, the presence of many cells expressing Nestin and few expressing GFAP was observed. After the differentiation of the lateral ventricle wall zones at 60 days of pregnancy, the subventricular zone, which initially had greater number of Nestin cells, began to show higher numbers of GFAP cells at 90 days of pregnancy. A similar pattern was observed for Nestin and GFAP cells during development of the choroid plexus. This study demonstrates, for the first time, detailed chronological aspects of the equine central nervous system organogenesis associated with downregulation of Nestin and upregulation of GFAP expression.
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Publication Date: 2016-08-15 PubMed ID: 27525635DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0805-9Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates the development of the central nervous system in horses during embryonic/fetal development, specifically from 19 to 115 days of pregnancy. They tracked the expression of two biomarkers, Nestin and GFAP, in the neuronal system during this development.

Research Methodology:

  • The researchers tracked the development of the central nervous system (CNS) of the equine embryo/fetus from day 19 to day 115 of pregnancy.
  • During this timeframe, they observed the expression of two important biomarkers, Nestin and Glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), in the main structure of the nervous system responsible for neurogenesis, and in the choroid plexus.
  • These biomarkers were chosen because of their known relevance in the development of the CNS. Nestin is known as a stem/progenitor cell marker implicated in CNS development, while GFAP is a type III intermediate filament protein that is expressed by numerous cell types of the CNS and is used as a marker to distinguish astrocytes from other glial cells.

Findings:

  • The researchers observed that, on the 29th day of pregnancy, many cells in the undifferentiated lateral ventricle wall express Nestin, while few express GFAP.
  • By day 60 of pregnancy, after differentiation of the lateral ventricle wall zones, the subventricular zone, which initially had more Nestin cells, begins to have more GFAP cells.
  • By day 90 of pregnancy, an increased number of GFAP cells could be observed in the subventricular zone, indicating an upregulation of GFAP expression.
  • These changes reflect the dynamic interactions between these two biomarkers and suggest a down-regulation of Nestin expression and up-regulation of GFAP expression during equine CNS development.
  • The research also found a similar pattern of Nestin and GFAP cells expression during the development of the choroid plexus, a network of cells that produce cerebrospinal fluid in the brain.

Conclusions

  • This research adds new insights into the biological processes involved in the organogenesis of the equine CNS. It demonstrates, for the first time, the detailed chronological aspects of equine CNS organogenesis linked with the down-regulation of Nestin and the up-regulation of GFAP expression.
  • The findings of this research could potentially have significant implications for understanding and addressing developmental and neurological disorders in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Rigoglio NN, Barreto RS, Favaron PO, Jacob JC, Smith LC, Gastal MO, Gastal EL, Miglino MA. (2016). Central Nervous System and Vertebrae Development in Horses: a Chronological Study with Differential Temporal Expression of Nestin and GFAP. J Mol Neurosci, 61(1), 61-78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-016-0805-9

Publication

Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN
ISSN: 1559-1166
NlmUniqueID: 9002991
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 61
Issue: 1
Pages: 61-78

Researcher Affiliations

Rigoglio, Nathia N
  • Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Barreto, Rodrigo S N
  • Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Favaron, Phelipe O
  • Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Jacob, Júlio C F
  • Department of Reproduction and Animal Evaluation, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropedica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Smith, Lawrence C
  • Department of Veterinary Biomedicine, Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Animale, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
Gastal, Melba O
  • Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA.
Gastal, Eduardo L
  • Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA.
Miglino, Maria Angélica
  • Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. miglino@usp.br.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Brain / embryology
  • Brain / metabolism
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
  • Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / genetics
  • Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / metabolism
  • Horses / embryology
  • Horses / metabolism
  • Nestin / genetics
  • Nestin / metabolism
  • Neurogenesis
  • Pregnancy
  • Spine / embryology
  • Spine / metabolism

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Citations

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