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Equine veterinary journal2026; doi: 10.1002/evj.70299

Clinical outcomes of a novel flowable calcium silicate cement in equine endodontic treatment.

Abstract: Orthograde endodontic treatment of equine cheek teeth is performed infrequently with variable success rates of obturation with calcium hydroxide paste (CHP). A novel flowable calcium silicate cement (eCSC) formulated for use as an obturation material in equine teeth has demonstrated acceptable canal filling volumes and evidence of dentinal tubule penetration. However, clinical outcomes of eCSC-obturated equine teeth have not been reported. Objective: To report the clinical outcomes of orthograde endodontic treatment using eCSC. Methods: Retrospective case series. Methods: Horses that underwent orthograde endodontic treatment using eCSC at a single referral centre between October 2020 and March 2026 and had ≥12 months follow-up were included in the study. Results: Seven horses, with endodontic treatments on six cheek teeth and one incisor were included. The success rate of eCSC was 6 of 7 cases, with up to 5.5 years of follow-up. One eCSC case demonstrated healing of a draining tract to the paranasal sinus on CT and histologically showed no evidence of periapical infection or inflammation 16 months after treatment. The singular failed eCSC-treated tooth demonstrated incomplete cleaning and obturation of one pulp canal on histological examination. Conclusions: Small case numbers, heterogeneous follow-up, and a single operator limit the generalisability of these findings. Conclusions: Orthograde endodontic treatment of equine teeth using eCSC can result in long-term clinical success. CT and histopathological findings available for one case support biological healing in successfully treated eCSC cases. A prospective, multi-centre study with standardised follow-up is warranted to establish the predictability and indications of eCSC as an obturation material for equine endodontics.
© 2026 The Author(s). Equine Veterinary Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of EVJ Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2026-08-05 PubMed ID: 42554364DOI: 10.1002/evj.70299Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

Overview

  • This study evaluates the clinical outcomes of a new flowable calcium silicate cement (eCSC) used for root canal treatment in horses’ teeth.
  • The research reports on success rates and healing evidence from cases treated with this novel material.

Background

  • Equine endodontic treatment involves cleaning and filling the root canals of horse teeth, often done orthogradely (from the crown downwards).
  • Traditional obturation material used is calcium hydroxide paste, which has variable success in filling canals effectively.
  • A new flowable calcium silicate cement (eCSC) was developed to improve canal obturation by better filling volumes and penetrating dentinal tubules, but clinical outcomes were previously unreported.

Study Objective

  • To assess the clinical success and healing outcomes after orthograde endodontic treatment using the novel eCSC in equine teeth.

Methods

  • Retrospective case series study at a single referral center.
  • Included horses treated between October 2020 and March 2026 with eCSC as the obturation material.
  • Horses had a minimum follow-up of 12 months post-treatment to evaluate long-term outcomes.
  • Clinical examinations, CT imaging, and histological analyses were utilized to assess healing and success.

Results

  • Seven horses were included, with seven treated teeth covering six cheek teeth and one incisor.
  • Overall success rate was high, with 6 out of 7 treated teeth showing successful outcomes during follow-up periods of up to 5.5 years.
  • One successfully treated case showed evidence of healing of a draining tract to the paranasal sinus on CT and no periapical infection or inflammation on histology after 16 months.
  • The one failure case demonstrated inadequate cleaning and obturation, seen on histological examination showing an untreated pulp canal.

Conclusions

  • The novel eCSC material can achieve long-term clinical success in equine endodontic procedures.
  • Positive CT and histological findings suggest biological healing occurs in teeth treated successfully with eCSC.
  • Limitations include a small number of cases, varied follow-up times, and the treatment being performed by a single operator, which affects generalizability.
  • The authors recommend a larger, prospective, multi-center study with standardized protocols to better determine the predictability and appropriate clinical indications for the use of eCSC in equine dentistry.

Significance and Future Directions

  • This research provides promising early clinical data for a new obturation material that could improve dental treatment outcomes in horses.
  • Given the challenges and variability in current equine root canal therapies, eCSC offers a potential advancement in materials suited to the complex anatomy of equine teeth.
  • Further studies with more cases and rigorous methodologies will be essential to confirm these findings and optimize treatment protocols.

Cite This Article

APA
Jackson K, Faulkner J, Staszyk C, Ha W, Quintrell E, Kelty E. (2026). Clinical outcomes of a novel flowable calcium silicate cement in equine endodontic treatment. Equine Vet J. https://doi.org/10.1002/evj.70299

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English

Researcher Affiliations

Jackson, Kirsten
  • Dental Vet Veterinary Equine Dentistry, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Faulkner, Josephine
  • School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.
Staszyk, Carsten
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Ha, William
  • Head of Endodontics, Sydney Dental School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Quintrell, Ebony
  • School of Population and Global Health, School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Kelty, Erin
  • School of Population and Global Health, School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

Grant Funding

  • 1172978 / National Health and Medical Research Council
  • Murdoch University Veterinary fund
  • Stan Perron Charitable Foundation

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