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Cell medicine2012; 4(1); 1-11; doi: 10.3727/215517912X647217

Comparative Analysis of the Immunomodulatory Properties of Equine Adult-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells().

Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue (AT), umbilical cord blood (CB), and umbilical cord tissue (CT) are increasingly being used to treat equine inflammatory and degenerative lesions. MSCs modulate the immune system in part through mediator secretion. Animal species and MSC tissue of origin are both important determinants of MSC function. In spite of widespread clinical use, how equine MSCs function to heal tissues is fully unknown. In this study, MSCs derived from BM, AT, CB, and CT were compared for their ability to inhibit lymphocyte proliferation and secrete mediators in response to activation. Five MSC lines from each tissue were isolated. Lymphocyte proliferation was assessed in a mixed leukocyte reaction, and mediator secretion was determined by ELISA. Regardless of tissue of origin, quiescent MSCs did not alter lymphocyte proliferation or secrete mediators, except for transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1). When stimulated, MSCs of all tissue types decreased lymphocyte proliferation, increased prostaglandin (PGE(2)) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion, and decreased production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). BM-MSCs and CB-MSCs also produced nitric oxide (NO), while AT-MSCs and CT-MSCs did not. Equine MSCs did not produce indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). These data suggest that activated equine MSCs derived from BM, AT, CT, and CB secrete high concentration of mediators and are similar to MSCs from rodents and humans in their immunomodulatory profiles. These findings have implication for the treatment of inflammatory lesions dominated by activated lymphocytes and TNF-α and IFN-γ in vivo.
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Publication Date: 2012-01-01 PubMed ID: 23152950PubMed Central: PMC3495591DOI: 10.3727/215517912X647217Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research focuses on examining how mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs), extracted from different origins in horses, regulate the immune system and contribute to healing bodily damage. Although these cells are broadly applied in treating horse injuries, their exact mode of operation is still unclear. This study identified common immunomodulatory profiles among these cells regardless of their source and their potential application in handling injuries characterized by aggressive lymphocytes and certain inflammatory substances.

Research Methodology

  • The study was conducted using five lines of MSCs derived from four different tissues – bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord blood, and umbilical cord tissue.
  • The ability of these cells to inhibit the multiplication of lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, was tested in a mixed leukocyte reaction.
  • The secretion of mediators, or substances facilitating cell communication, in the stem cells was determined via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Research Findings

  • The study found that inactive MSCs, regardless of their origin, did not interfere with lymphocyte growth or secrete mediators with the exception of a protein called transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β1).
  • When activated, all tested types of MSCs decreased lymphocyte multiplication, escalated the secretion of substances known as prostaglandin and interleukin 6, while decreasing the production of other substances referred to as tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ.
  • Furthermore, stem cells derived from bone marrow and umbilical cord blood produced a molecule called nitric oxide that wasn’t produced by stem cells derived from adipose tissue or umbilical cord tissue.
  • Notably, the study found that none of the equine MSCs produced an enzyme known as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase.

Implication of the Findings

  • The research findings point towards a common functional role of MSCs derived from different tissues in horses, similar to MSCs of rodents and humans, in terms of their immunomodulatory properties.
  • This might translate into the potential use of these stem cells in treating conditions characterized by activated lymphocytes and inflammatory substances such as TNF-α and IFN-γ.

Cite This Article

APA
Carrade DD, Lame MW, Kent MS, Clark KC, Walker NJ, Borjesson DL. (2012). Comparative Analysis of the Immunomodulatory Properties of Equine Adult-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells(). Cell Med, 4(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3727/215517912X647217

Publication

Cell medicine
ISSN: 2155-1790
NlmUniqueID: 101544564
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 4
Issue: 1
Pages: 1-11

Researcher Affiliations

Carrade, Danielle D
  • Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Lame, Michael W
    Kent, Michael S
      Clark, Kaitlin C
        Walker, Naomi J
          Borjesson, Dori L

            Grant Funding

            • R43 AG033965 / NIA NIH HHS

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