Comparison of the temporal kinematics of the canter pirouette and collected canter.
Abstract: The objectives were to compare the temporal characteristics of canter pirouette strides with collected canter strides in elite dressage horses, and to determine whether the stride kinematics of the canter pirouettes fulfilled the requirements specified in the Federation Equestre Internationale Rules for Dressage Events. Eleven horses were videotaped (60 fields/s) during the individual medal competition at the 1992 Olympic Games. Temporal variables were extracted from the videotapes using standard methods. Two strides were analysed on each of the left and right leads and these were pooled to give mean values for the collected canter and the pirouettes. The pirouettes were completed in 4-9 strides, (mean of 6.4). In the collected canter strides, mean duration of the suspension was 0.013 s. There was no suspension in any of the pirouette strides, instead the stance phases of the leading forelimb and trailing hindlimb overlapped by a mean of 0.163 s. In 9 horses the trailing forelimb contacted the ground before the diagonal leading hindlimb in the collected canter, whereas in the pirouettes the leading hindlimb always made contact before the trailing forelimb (mean dissociation 0.164 s), giving the strides a distinct 4 beat rhythm. Due to increases in advanced placement between the diagonal limb pair and between the 2 forelimbs, the stride duration was longer in the pirouette (0.879 s) than the collected canter (0.629 s). It is concluded that the canter pirouette strides did not maintain the rhythm and timing of the the collected canter strides in any of the 11 horses.
Publication Date: 1997-05-01 PubMed ID: 9354291DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1997.tb05055.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research study compares the temporal characteristics of two horse movements, canter pirouette and collected canter strides, in elite dressage horses. The study aims to determine if the kinematics of the canter pirouettes aligns with the norms specified in the Federation Equestre Internationale Rules for Dressage Events.
Study Methodology
- The study involved eleven elite dressage horses during the individual medal competition at the 1992 Olympic Games.
- The horses were videotaped at 60 fields per second to capture the movements.
- Temporal variables relevant to the collected canter and the pirouette movements were extracted using standard methods.
- Two strides were analyzed for each left and right lead, and these analyses were then pooled to generate average values for both the collected canter and the pirouettes.
Results
- The canter pirouettes were performed in between 4-9 strides, with an average of 6.4 strides.
- In the collected canter strides, the mean duration of the suspension was 0.013 seconds.
- Interestingly, there was no suspension in any pirouette strides. Instead, the stance phase of leading forelimb and trailing hindlimb overlapped by a mean of 0.163 seconds.
- In 9 of the horses studied, the trailing forelimb made ground contact before the diagonal leading hindlimb in the collected canter. However, in pirouettes, the leading hindlimb always landed before the trailing forelimb, resulting in a distinct 4 beat rhythm.
- Due to increased advanced placement between diagonal limbs and between forelimbs, pirouettes took more time (0.879 seconds) than collected canter (0.629 seconds).
Conclusion
- The study concluded that the strides in canter pirouettes didn’t maintain the rhythm and timing of the collected canter strides in any of the participating horses.
- This result provides valuable insight into the nuances of dressage competition and may influence training strategies to better align with Federation Equestre Internationale rules.
Cite This Article
APA
Burns TE, Clayton HM.
(1997).
Comparison of the temporal kinematics of the canter pirouette and collected canter.
Equine Vet J Suppl(23), 58-61.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.1997.tb05055.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Forelimb / physiology
- Gait / physiology
- Hindlimb / physiology
- Horses / physiology
- Locomotion / physiology
- Movement / physiology
- Time Factors
- Videotape Recording
- Walking / physiology
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