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Home / Equine Research Bank / Front Vet Sci / Computed Tomographic and Histopathological Characteristics o...
Frontiers in veterinary science2020; 7; 591437; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.591437

Computed Tomographic and Histopathological Characteristics of 13 Equine and 10 Feline Oral and Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinomas.

Abstract: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common equine sinonasal and feline oral tumour. This study aimed to describe the computed tomographic and histopathological characteristics of equine and feline SCC. Thirteen horses and 10 cats that had been histopathologically diagnosed with oral or sinonasal SCC and had undergone computed tomography (CT) of the head were retrospectively included in the study. CT characteristics of the mass and involved structures were noted. Histological examinations were evaluated according to a human malignancy grading system for oral SCC, which considered four grades of increasing aggressiveness. In horses, the masses were at the levels of the paranasal sinuses ( = 8), mandible ( = 3), tongue ( = 1), and nasal cavity ( = 1). In cats, the masses were at the levels of the maxilla ( = 4), mandible ( = 3), tongue ( = 1), and buccal region ( = 1) and were diffusely distributed (facial and cranial bones; = 1). Masses in the equine paranasal sinuses showed only mild, solid/laminar, periosteal reactions with variable cortical destruction. However, maxillary lesions in cats showed severe cortical destruction and irregular, amorphous/pumice stone-like, periosteal reactions. CT revealed different SCC phenotypes that were unrelated to the histological grade. For morphologic parameters of the tumour cell population, a variability for the degree of keratinization and number of mitotic cells was noted in horses and cats. Concerning the tumour-host relationship a marked, extensive and deep invasion into the bone in the majority of horses and cats was seen. Most cases in both the horses and cats were categorized as histological grade III ( = 8); four horses and one cat were categorized as grade IV, and one horse and one cat were categorized as grade II. In this study, we examined the diagnostic images and corresponding applied human histopathological grading of SCC to further elucidate the correlations between pathology and oral and sinonasal SCC imaging in horses and cats.
Copyright © 2020 Strohmayer, Klang and Kneissl.
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Publication Date: 2020-11-23 PubMed ID: 33330718PubMed Central: PMC7719637DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.591437Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study explores the characteristics of Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), a common oral and sinus tumor in horses and cats, using computed tomography (CT) and histopathology.

Sample Selection

  • The study was conducted on 13 horses and 10 cats potentially suffering from oral or sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC).
  • All the animals had undergone a computed tomography (CT) head scan and were retrospectively included in the study.

Computed Tomographic Characteristics

  • The study noted the CT characteristics of the mass and involved structures in the animals under study.
  • In horses, the masses were located at the paranasal sinuses, mandible, tongue, and nasal cavity.
  • For the cats, the masses were discovered at the levels of the maxilla, mandible, tongue, buccal region, and in some cases, were diffusely distributed in the facial and cranial bones.
  • The study observed that the equine paranasal sinus masses had mild solid or laminar reactions with variable cortical destruction.
  • Conversely, maxillary lesions in cats indicated severe cortical destruction and irregular, amorphous or pumice stone-like reactions.

Histopathological Characteristics

  • The study evaluated the histological examinations based on a human malignancy grading system for oral SCC and adapted it for the subjects. This grading system characterizes the cancer in four grades — the higher the grade, the more aggressive the cancer.
  • There was noted variability in the morphological parameters of the tumor cell population, including the degree of keratinization and the number of mitotic cells.
  • The study identified a marked and extensive deep invasion into the bone in the majority of both the horses and cats.
  • Most cases for both horses and cats were categorized as histological grade III, with a few marked as grade IV and grade II.

Conclusion

  • Despite variations in anatomical location, different phenotypes of SCC were revealed through CT that were not linked to the histological grade.
  • This study aimed at enhancing the understanding of the relationship between pathology and imaging of oral and sinonasal SCC in horses and cats.
  • Data collected may be beneficial for improved diagnosis and treatment of SCC in horses and cats.

Cite This Article

APA
Strohmayer C, Klang A, Kneissl S. (2020). Computed Tomographic and Histopathological Characteristics of 13 Equine and 10 Feline Oral and Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Front Vet Sci, 7, 591437. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.591437

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 7
Pages: 591437
PII: 591437

Researcher Affiliations

Strohmayer, Carina
  • Diagnostic Imaging, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
Klang, Andrea
  • Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
Kneissl, Sibylle
  • Diagnostic Imaging, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Kozłowska N, Wierzbicka M, Jasiński T, Domino M. Advances in the Diagnosis of Equine Respiratory Diseases: A Review of Novel Imaging and Functional Techniques. Animals (Basel) 2022 Feb 4;12(3).
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  2. Schreeg ME, Radkin M, Haugland J, Murphy BG, Rushton S, Linder KE. Ameloblastic carcinoma in horses: case report and literature review. J Vet Diagn Invest 2022 May;34(3):528-534.
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