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Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods2013; 20(6); 506-513; doi: 10.1089/ten.TEC.2013.0216

Computed tomography-guided tissue engineering of upper airway cartilage.

Abstract: Normal laryngeal function has a large impact on quality of life, and dysfunction can be life threatening. In general, airway obstructions arise from a reduction in neuromuscular function or a decrease in mechanical stiffness of the structures of the upper airway. These reductions decrease the ability of the airway to resist inspiratory or expiratory pressures, causing laryngeal collapse. We propose to restore airway patency through methods that replace damaged tissue and improve the stiffness of airway structures. A number of recent studies have utilized image-guided approaches to create cell-seeded constructs that reproduce the shape and size of the tissue of interest with high geometric fidelity. The objective of the present study was to establish a tissue engineering approach to the creation of viable constructs that approximate the shape and size of equine airway structures, in particular the epiglottis. Computed tomography images were used to create three-dimensional computer models of the cartilaginous structures of the larynx. Anatomically shaped injection molds were created from the three-dimensional models and were seeded with bovine auricular chondrocytes that were suspended within alginate before static culture. Constructs were then cultured for approximately 4 weeks post-seeding and evaluated for biochemical content, biomechanical properties, and histologic architecture. Results showed that the three-dimensional molded constructs had the approximate size and shape of the equine epiglottis and that it is possible to seed such constructs while maintaining 75%+ cell viability. Extracellular matrix content was observed to increase with time in culture and was accompanied by an increase in the mechanical stiffness of the construct. If successful, such an approach may represent a significant improvement on the currently available treatments for damaged airway cartilage and may provide clinical options for replacement of damaged tissue during treatment of obstructive airway disease.
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Publication Date: 2013-12-11 PubMed ID: 24164398PubMed Central: PMC4026102DOI: 10.1089/ten.TEC.2013.0216Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
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  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article presents a study where methods of tissue engineering were used to create viable, 3D structures that imitate the shape and size of equine airway structures, particularly the epiglottis, with a view to replace damaged airway cartilage. The study used CT imaging to develop the structures, which demonstrated increased stiffness and extracellular matrix content over time, indicating its potential in improving current treatments for obstructive airway disease.

Objective and Purpose of the Research

  • The key objective of this study was to develop a tissue engineering approach to create 3D, viable constructs that resemble equine airway structures, especially the epiglottis. The researchers focused on restoring the functionality of damaged airway tissue and improving the stiffness of airway structures, which often lead to airway obstructions like laryngeal collapse.
  • The wider purpose of the study was to explore a more sophisticated replacement method for damaged airway cartilage, which could provide better clinical options in treating obstructive airway diseases.

Methodology

  • The study utilised computed tomography (CT) images to create detailed, three-dimensional computer models of the cartilaginous structures of the larynx.
  • From these models, anatomically-shaped injection molds were created and were seeded with bovine auricular chondrocytes – a type of cartilage cell – that were suspended within alginate before static culture, a technique often used in tissue engineering.
  • The seeded constructs were then cultured for roughly 4 weeks after seeding and were evaluated for biochemical content, biomechanical properties, and histologic architecture.

Findings and Conclusion

  • The researchers found that the 3D molded constructs had the approximate size and shape of the equine epiglottis and they managed to seed such constructs while maintaining a cell viability of more than 75%.
  • The extracellular matrix content in these constructs was found to increase with time in culture and this also led to an increase in the mechanical stiffness of the construct.
  • The study concludes that the tissue engineering approach could be a significant improvement on current treatments for damaged airway cartilage and potentially offer new clinical interventions for obstructive airway disease.

Cite This Article

APA
Brown BN, Siebenlist NJ, Cheetham J, Ducharme NG, Rawlinson JJ, Bonassar LJ. (2013). Computed tomography-guided tissue engineering of upper airway cartilage. Tissue Eng Part C Methods, 20(6), 506-513. https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.TEC.2013.0216

Publication

Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods
ISSN: 1937-3392
NlmUniqueID: 101466663
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 20
Issue: 6
Pages: 506-513

Researcher Affiliations

Brown, Bryan N
  • 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York.
Siebenlist, Nicholas J
    Cheetham, Jonathan
      Ducharme, Norm G
        Rawlinson, Jeremy J
          Bonassar, Lawrence J

            MeSH Terms

            • Animals
            • Cells, Cultured
            • Chondrocytes / cytology
            • Chondrocytes / physiology
            • Chondrocytes / transplantation
            • Equipment Failure Analysis
            • Horses
            • Laryngeal Cartilages / diagnostic imaging
            • Laryngeal Cartilages / growth & development
            • Laryngeal Cartilages / surgery
            • Printing, Three-Dimensional
            • Prosthesis Design
            • Surgery, Computer-Assisted / methods
            • Tissue Engineering / instrumentation
            • Tissue Scaffolds
            • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods

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            Citations

            This article has been cited 4 times.
            1. Razavi CR, Creighton FX, Wilkening PR, Peine J, Taylor RH, Akst LM. Real-time robotic airway measurement: An additional benefit of a novel steady-hand robotic platform. Laryngoscope 2019 Feb;129(2):324-329.
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