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Home / Equine Research Bank / Animals (Basel) / Dexmedetomidine Has Differential Effects on the Contractilit...
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2023; 13(6); doi: 10.3390/ani13061021

Dexmedetomidine Has Differential Effects on the Contractility of Equine Jejunal Smooth Muscle Layers In Vitro.

Abstract: α2 agonists are frequently used in horses with colic, even though they have been shown to inhibit gastrointestinal motility. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dexmedetomidine on small intestinal in vitro contractility during different phases of ischaemia. Experimental segmental jejunal ischaemia was induced in 12 horses under general anaesthesia, and intestinal samples were taken pre-ischaemia and following ischaemia and reperfusion. Spontaneous and electrically evoked contractile activity of the circular and longitudinal smooth muscles were determined in each sample with and without the addition of dexmedetomidine. During a second experiment, tetrodotoxin was added to determine if the effect was neurogenic. We found that the circular smooth muscle (CSM) contractility was not affected by ischaemia, whereas the longitudinal smooth muscle (LSM) showed an increase in both spontaneous and induced contractile activity. The addition of dexmedetomidine caused a decrease in the spontaneous contractile activity of CSM, but an increase in that of LSM, which was not mediated by the enteric nervous system. During ischaemia, dexmedetomidine also mildly increased the electrically induced contractile activity in LSM. These results may indicate a stimulatory effect of dexmedetomidine on small intestinal contractility. However, the influence of dexmedetomidine administration on intestinal motility in vivo needs to be further investigated.
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Publication Date: 2023-03-10 PubMed ID: 36978562PubMed Central: PMC10044630DOI: 10.3390/ani13061021Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article is about a study aimed at determining the effect of dexmedetomidine, a medication, on the contractility of small intestines in horses during different phases of ischemia, a condition characterized by inadequate blood supply.

Objective and Methodology

  • The main goal of this study was to uncover the effect of a medicine called dexmedetomidine on the contraction and relaxation (contractility) of small intestines in horses. This was particularly studied during different stages of ischaemia, a health condition characterized by an inadequate supply of blood to a part of the body, brought about by a blockage in the blood vessels.
  • Jejunal ischaemia, specific to a part of small intestine called the jejunum, was experimentally induced in 12 horses under general anesthesia.
  • Intestinal samples were taken before the induced ischaemia and following ischaemia and reperfusion (restoration of blood flow).

Experiments and Results

  • The spontaneous and electrically evoked contractile activity of two types of smooth muscles named circular smooth muscle (CSM) and longitudinal smooth muscle (LSM) were determined in each sample. This was done both in presence and absence of dexmedetomidine.
  • Another experiment involved adding tetrodotoxin to assess if the measured effects were controlled by the enteric nervous system, which governs the function of the gastrointestinal system.
  • The results indicated that while ischaemia didn’t impact the contractility of the CSM, the LSM showed an increase in spontaneous as well as triggered contractile activity.
  • The application of dexmedetomidine decreased the spontaneous contractile activity in CSM, but increased that in LSM. Interestingly, these effects weren’t found to be moderated by the enteric nervous system.
  • Also, during ischaemia, dexmedetomidine slightly heightened the electrically triggered contractile activity in LSM.

Conclusion

  • The findings suggest that dexmedetomidine potentially has a stimulatory effect on small intestinal contractility, displaying different effects on various muscular layers.
  • Regardless, to better understand the influence of dexmedetomidine on intestinal activity in a live organism (in vivo), further investigation is required.

Cite This Article

APA
Verhaar N, Hoppe S, Grages AM, Hansen K, Neudeck S, Kästner S, Mazzuoli-Weber G. (2023). Dexmedetomidine Has Differential Effects on the Contractility of Equine Jejunal Smooth Muscle Layers In Vitro. Animals (Basel), 13(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13061021

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 13
Issue: 6

Researcher Affiliations

Verhaar, Nicole
  • Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
Hoppe, Susanne
  • Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
Grages, Anna Marei
  • Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
Hansen, Kathrin
  • Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
Neudeck, Stephan
  • Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
Kästner, Sabine
  • Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
  • Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
Mazzuoli-Weber, Gemma
  • Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany.

Grant Funding

  • 491094227 / Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) - "Open Access Publication Funding"
  • University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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