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Journal of diabetes science and technology2012; 6(3); 534-540; doi: 10.1177/193229681200600307

Diabetes, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome in horses.

Abstract: Analogous to the situation in human medicine, contemporary practices in horse management, which incorporate lengthy periods of physical inactivity coupled with provision of nutritional rations characterized by inappropriately high sugar and starch, have led to obesity being more commonly recognized by practitioners of equine veterinary practice. In many of these cases, obesity is associated with insulin resistance (IR) and glucose intolerance. An equine metabolic syndrome (MS) has been described that is similar to the human MS in that both IR and aspects of obesity represent cornerstones of its definition. Unlike its human counterpart, identification of the equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) portends greater risk for development of laminitis, a chronic, crippling affliction of the equine hoof. When severe, laminitis sometimes necessitates euthanasia. Unlike the human condition, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and many other chronic conditions, for which the risk is recognized as increased in the face of MS, is less likely in horses. The equine veterinary literature has been replete with reports of scientific investigations regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of EMS.
© 2012 Diabetes Technology Society.
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Publication Date: 2012-05-01 PubMed ID: 22768883PubMed Central: PMC3440056DOI: 10.1177/193229681200600307Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article reviews the correlation of prolonged physical inactivity with unhealthy dietary practices, resulting in obesity, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and metabolic syndrome in horses. Moreover, it also discusses an increased risk of laminitis, equine metabolic syndrome (EMS), and its impact and practices regarding the diagnosis, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment exhibited in equine veterinary literature.

Overview of the issue

  • The article focuses on the rising issue of obesity and its associated complications, such as insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, in horses due to contemporary management practices in horse-rearing.
  • These practices involve extended periods of physical inactivity combined with feeding nutritional rations that contain disproportionately high amounts of sugar and starch.
  • The paper elaborates on how these conditions have led veterinary practitioners to more frequently identify equine metabolic syndrome (EMS).

Comparison of equine and human metabolic syndrome

  • The research compares the EMS with the human metabolic syndrome (MS) and explains that both share common fundamental factors: insulin resistance and certain aspects of obesity.
  • However, unlike in humans, the recognition of EMS in horses indicates a higher risk for the development of laminitis – a severe and often crippling condition of the horse’s hoof, which in severe cases may compel euthanasia.
  • Even though metabolic syndrome increases the risk of chronic conditions like type 2 diabetes mellitus in humans, horses are less likely to face this risk.

Literature on equine metabolic syndrome

  • The final part of the abstract acknowledges the wealth of research and scientific investigation reports on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of EMS in equine veterinary literature.
  • This signifies continued efforts within the veterinary science community to understand and address the complexity of EMS and its impact on the health and life quality of horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Johnson PJ, Wiedmeyer CE, LaCarrubba A, Ganjam VK, Messer NT. (2012). Diabetes, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome in horses. J Diabetes Sci Technol, 6(3), 534-540. https://doi.org/10.1177/193229681200600307

Publication

Journal of diabetes science and technology
ISSN: 1932-2968
NlmUniqueID: 101306166
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 6
Issue: 3
Pages: 534-540

Researcher Affiliations

Johnson, Philip J
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. JohnsonPJ@missouri.edu
Wiedmeyer, Charles E
    LaCarrubba, Alison
      Ganjam, V K
        Messer, Nat T

          MeSH Terms

          • Animals
          • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / blood
          • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / physiopathology
          • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / therapy
          • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / veterinary
          • Disease Progression
          • Horse Diseases / blood
          • Horse Diseases / physiopathology
          • Horse Diseases / therapy
          • Horses
          • Insulin Resistance
          • Metabolic Syndrome / blood
          • Metabolic Syndrome / physiopathology
          • Metabolic Syndrome / therapy
          • Metabolic Syndrome / veterinary
          • Obesity / blood
          • Obesity / physiopathology
          • Obesity / therapy
          • Obesity / veterinary
          • Prognosis
          • Risk Factors

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